Turul
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The Turul is a mythological bird of prey, most commonly depicted as a falcon or hawk, and is one of the most important national symbols of Hungary. Deeply rooted in Hungarian mythology and tradition, the Turul is often associated with divine will, guidance, and the origins of the Hungarian people.[1]
Mythological Significance
In Hungarian mythology, the Turul appears prominently in the Gesta Hungarorum and other medieval chronicles. According to legend, the bird appeared in a dream to Emese, the wife of Ügyek and mother of Álmos, the forefather of the Hungarian royal line. The Turul's appearance was interpreted as a divine message foretelling that her son would found a great dynasty. This dream was taken as a sign that the Magyars were chosen by fate to establish a new homeland.[2]
The Turul also appears as a guiding force in the Migration Legend, where it leads the Magyar tribes westward from the Ural region to the Carpathian Basin in the 9th century, culminating in the foundation of the Hungarian state.
Cultural and Historical Presence
Throughout Hungarian history, the Turul has been used as a symbol of military strength, national unity, and heritage. During the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary (1867–1946), it featured prominently on military insignia, statues, and state symbols.
Modern Use
- The Turul remains an unofficial national animal of Hungary.
- Statues of the Turul can be found across Hungary, most famously:
- On Buda Castle Hill, overlooking Budapest.
- In Tatabánya, where the largest Turul statue in the world stands on the Gerecse mountain.
- It appears in various coats of arms, municipal emblems, and is used by scouting groups, military organizations, and nationalist movements.
- The Turul is also commemorated in literature, music, and popular culture as a guardian of Hungarian heritage.
- ↑ Meszaros, Andy (2014-10-20). "The Legend of Emese's Dream". Cleveland Hungarian Museum. Retrieved 2025-06-03.
- ↑
Turul Media
Turul bird on the Royal Castle, Budapest, Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary first issue (1900) with image of Turul
A pair of silver hair decoration disk with motive of mythic Turul bird from a 10th century Hungarian cemetery (Found in Rakamaz, Hungary) Jósa András Museum in Nyíregyháza, Hungary
Gilt silver disk with Turul motif (Hungary, 10th century), National Museum in Prague (temporary exhibition)
Similar Turul depiction on another gold item of the Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós
Similar Turul depiction on another gold item of the Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós
A similar scene on a Sassanid silver plate from the 7th century; decorated with an eagle carrying a woman, the plate was found in Cherdynsky District in the Soviet Union in 1934, now in the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg.
"Turul, the mystical Hungarian mythological bird - DailyNewsHungary". dailynewshungary.com. 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2025-06-03.
