Yashwantrao Chavan
Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan (12 March 1913 – 25 November 1984) was an Indian politician. He served as the Deputy Prime Minister of India from 1979 to 1980. He was a strong Congress leader. He is also co-operative leader, social activist and writer. He was popularly known as Leader of Common People.
Yashwantrao Chavan | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 5th Deputy Prime Minister of India | |
| In office 28 July 1979 – 14 January 1980 | |
| Prime Minister | Charan Singh |
| Preceded by | Charan Singh Jagjivan Ram |
| Succeeded by | Devi Lal |
| Minister of Home Affairs | |
| In office 28 July 1979 – 14 January 1980 | |
| Prime Minister | Charan Singh |
| Preceded by | Hirubhai M. Patel |
| Succeeded by | Zail Singh |
| In office 14 November 1966 – 27 June 1970 | |
| Prime Minister | Indira Gandhi |
| Preceded by | Gulzarilal Nanda |
| Succeeded by | Indira Gandhi |
| Minister of External Affairs | |
| In office 10 October 1974 – 24 March 1977 | |
| Preceded by | Sardar Swaran Singh |
| Succeeded by | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 27 June 1970 – 10 October 1974 | |
| Prime Minister | Indira Gandhi |
| Preceded by | Indira Gandhi |
| Succeeded by | Chidambaram Subramaniam |
| Minister of Defence | |
| In office 14 November 1962 – 14 November 1966 | |
| Prime Minister | Jawaharlal Nehru Gulzarilal Nanda (Acting) Lal Bahadur Shastri Gulzarilal Nanda (Acting) Indira Gandhi |
| Preceded by | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| Succeeded by | Sardar Swaran Singh |
| 1st Chief Minister of Maharashtra | |
| In office 1 May 1960 – 14 November 1962 | |
| Governor | Sri Prakasa P. Subbarayan Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Marotrao Kannamwar |
| 3rd Chief Minister of Bombay State | |
| In office 1 November 1956 – 30 April 1960 | |
| Governor | Harekrushna Mahatab Sri Prakasa |
| Preceded by | Morarji Desai |
| Succeeded by | office abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan 12 March 1913 Karad, Satara district, Bombay Presidency, British India |
| Died | 25 November 1984 (aged 71) New Delhi, India |
| Resting place | Yashwantrao Chavan Samadhi, Karad |
| Political party | Indian National Congress (Before 1977; 1981–1984) |
| Other political affiliations | Indian National Congress-Urs (1977) Janata Party (1977–1978) Indian National Congress-Socialist (1978–1981) |
| Spouse(s) | Venutai Chavan |
| Alma mater | University of Mumbai,ILS Law College |
Early life
Yashwantrao Chavan was born in a Maratha[1][2] family on 12 March 1913 in the village of Devrashtre in Satara District (now in Sangli District) of Maharashtra, India. He had three siblings. Chavan lost his father in his early childhood and was brought up by his uncle and mother.
Chavan was an active participant in the struggle for independence of India. As a schoolboy in Karad in 1930, he was fined for his participation in the Non-cooperation Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi. In 1932, he was sentenced to 18 months in prison for hoisting the Indian flag in Satara.
Death and legacy
Yashwantrao Chavan died of a heart attack on 25 November 1984 in Delhi. He was aged 71 years.
Legacy
- Yashwantrao Chavan holds the record of being the only Maharashtrian leader. He held the 4 most important post in the Union government. They are Home, External Affairs, Defence and Finance.
- When Yashwantrao was appointed Federal Defence minister following the China war in 1962, a popular saying arose in Maharashtra- "हिमालयाच्या हाकेला धावला सह्याद्री" ("Himalayachya Hakela Dhavla Sahyadri"), translated in English, Sahyadri (the mountain range that separates Konkan from the Deccan Plateau) came rushing on the call (for help) by the Himalaya.
- During the 1960s and early 70s when Yashwantrao was at the peak of his power and influence, he was called Pratishivaji or New Shivaji.[3]
Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishtan (Foundation)
- In 1985, soon after his death,Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishtan (Foundation) was established in Bombay.
- In 2010, The Pratishtan instituted a corpus at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA) for the conduct of an annual Y B Chavan Memorial lecture. Yashwantrao was the founding President of IDSA.[4] The inaugural lecture in 2010 was delivered by Prof. Sunil Khilnani. Prof. Kanti Bajpai, and Ambassador Kanwal Sibal delivered the 2011 and 2012 lectures respectively[5]
Places named after Yashwantrao Chavan
- In 1980, Ujjani Back water named Yashwant Sagar on Bhima River village Ujjani in Solapur district.
- In 1984, an engineering college named Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering was established in Nagpur.
- In 1989, an open university named 'Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University' was established at Nasik in Maharashtra. The expressway between Pune and Mumbai is named after him as are the auditoriums in the Kothrud suburb of Pune, at Nariman Point in Mumbai and the Town Hall in Karad.
- Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial hospital in Sant Tukaram Nagar area of Pimpri is named after him.
- Shivaji University, Kolhapur has established 'Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development'.
- In 2009, the Mumbai Pune Expressway, India's first Express-Way, was named Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-Pune Express-Way.
Other websites
- Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishthan, Mumbai Archived 2021-01-19 at the Wayback Machine
References
- ↑ R. D. Pradhan; Madhav Godbole (1999). Debacle to Revival: Y.B. Chavan as Defence Minister, 1962-65. Orient Blackswan. p. 95. ISBN 978-81-250-1477-5.
- ↑ Jadhav, V., 2006. Elite politics and Maharashtra's Employment Guarantee Scheme. Economic and Political Weekly, pp.5157-5162.
- ↑ Sirsikar, V.M. (1999). Kulkarni, A.R.; Wagle, N.K. (eds.). State intervention and popular response : western India in the nineteenth century. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan. p. 9. ISBN 81-7154-835-0.
- ↑ "Inaugural Y.B. Chavan Memorial Lecture". IDSA. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ↑ "Past Y B Chavan Memorial Lectures". IDSA. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| New office | Chief Ministers of Maharashtra 1960–1962 |
Succeeded by Marotrao Kannamwar |
| Preceded by Jawaharlal Nehru |
Minister of Defence 1962–1966 |
Succeeded by Sardar Swaran Singh |
| Preceded by Gulzarilal Nanda |
Minister of Home Affairs 1966–1970 |
Succeeded by Indira Gandhi |
| Preceded by Indira Gandhi |
Minister of Finance 1971–1974 |
Succeeded by Chidambaram Subramaniam |
| Preceded by Sardar Swaran Singh |
Minister of External Affairs 1974–1977 |
Succeeded by Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| Preceded by Charan Singh |
Deputy Prime Minister of India 1979–1980 |
Succeeded by Devi Lal |
| Preceded by Jagjivan Ram | ||
| Preceded by Hirubhai M. Patel |
Minister of Home Affairs 1979–1980 |
Succeeded by Zail Singh |