2010 Canterbury earthquake
The 2010 Canterbury earthquake was a powerful 7.1 magnitude earthquake,[1][2] which struck the South Island of New Zealand at 4:35 am September 4, 2010 local time (16:35 3 September UTC).[1] It was centred 40 km west of Christchurch, near the town of Darfield, at a depth of 10 km.[1] Strong aftershocks were reported,[5][6] including ones of magnitude 5.3.[7][8] The main quake was felt widely across the South Island, and in the North Island as far north as New Plymouth.[9]
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| Date | {{{date}}} |
|---|---|
| Magnitude | 7.1 Mw [1][2] |
| Depth | 10 km (6.2 mi) [2] |
| Epicenter location | 43°33′S 172°11′E / 43.55°S 172.18°ECoordinates: 43°33′S 172°11′E / 43.55°S 172.18°E near Darfield, Canterbury |
| Countries or regions affected | New Zealand |
| Max. intensity | X (Extreme) [3] |
| Aftershocks | ~17,600 (as of early August 2016) [4] |
| Casualties | 2 seriously injured, approximately 100 total injuries[5] |
It caused a lot of damage and cut off power and water supply, mainly in the city of Christchurch.[5][10] Two people were seriously injured.[5] The quake caused damage to historic buildings in Lyttelton, near Christchurch, including a church and parts of a hotel. Businesses in the city centre were closed the day of the quake.[11] The total cost of damages may be as high as NZ$2 billion.[5]
A state of emergency was declared by Civil Defence for Christchurch and the Selwyn District.[12]
Geological background
New Zealand sits on the boundary between the Australian and Pacific plates. In the South Island, these plates mainly slide past each other horizontally, producing earthquakes along fault lines such as the Alpine fault. The 2010 earthquake was centred about 80–90 km to the southeast of the plate boundary through the island, probably on one of a network of smaller faults linked to the main faults that mark the plate boundary itself.[13]
2010 Canterbury Earthquake Media
Seismic hazard near the epicentre
Major fault zones in New Zealand, with the plate boundary and relative motion of the Pacific Plate shown
Medway footbridge over the Avon River
Building damage in Worcester Street, corner Manchester Street, with Christchurch Cathedral in the background
Central Kaiapoi suffered major damage; many of the town's buildings had to be bulldozed as a result of the 2010 earthquake and subsequent quake in February 2011.
The tower of St John's Church, Hororata was badly damaged in the quake, as were many other historic buildings
The facade of the Repertory Theatre was extensively damaged
View of the Oxford Terrace Baptist Church after the 2010 Canterbury earthquake, with props holding the frontage up (It was later destroyed in the 22 February aftershock).
Storm drain emerges from a road in Brooklands
Crack in Bridge Street, South New Brighton
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "New Zealand earthquake report - Sep 4, 2010 at 4:35 am (NZST)". GeoNet. Earthquake Commission and GNS Science. September 4, 2010. Archived from the original on September 5, 2010. Retrieved September 4, 2010.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Magnitude 7.0 - South Island of New Zealand: Details". United States Geological Survey. September 3, 2010. Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
- ↑ "Canterbury Quake Live". Archived from the original on 25 August 2011. Retrieved 15 June 2011.
- ↑ "Canterbury Quake live".
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Massive 7.4 quake hits South Island. Stuff.co.nz. September 3, 2010. http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/4094986/Massive-7-4-quake-hits-South-Island. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
- ↑ "New Zealand Earthquake 2010: Strong Quake Shakes Christchurch". The Huffington Post. September 3, 2010. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
- ↑ "New Zealand Earthquake Report - Sep 4 2010 at 4:56 am (NZST)". GeoNet. 4 September 2010. Archived from the original on 7 September 2010. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
- ↑ "New Zealand Earthquake Report - Sep 4 2010 at 11:12 am (NZST)". GeoNet. 4 September 2010. Archived from the original on 6 September 2010. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
- ↑ Van Der Heide, Maike (4 September 2010). "Marlborough, Kaikoura escape worst of quake". The Marlborough Express. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
- ↑ Strong earthquake rocks New Zealand's South Island. BBC News. September 3, 2010. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-11183685. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
- ↑ "Quake timeline". Stuff.co.nz. 4 September 2010. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
- ↑ "State of emergency declared in Canterbury". Radio New Zealand. September 4, 2010. Retrieved September 4, 2010.[dead link]948
- ↑ "Magnitude 7.0 - South Island of New Zealand: Summary". United States Geological Survey. 3 September 2010. Archived from the original on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
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