704 Interamnia
704 Interamnia is a very big asteroid. Scientists think it is 350 kilometers wide. Its mean distance from the Sun is 3.067 (AU). It was found on October 2, 1910 by Vincenzo Cerulli. It is named after the Latin name for Teramo, Italy, which is where Cerulli worked. It is the fifth heaviest asteroid after Ceres, Vesta, Pallas and Hygiea, and scientists think that it makes up 2.0% of the mass of the whole asteroid belt.
 | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Vincenzo Cerulli |
| Discovery date | October 2, 1910 |
| Designations | |
| 1910 KU; 1952 MW | |
| Main belt | |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch October 22, 2004 (JD 2453300.5) | |
| Aphelion | 526.464 Gm (3.519 AU) |
| Perihelion | 389.910 Gm (2.606 AU) |
| 458.187 Gm (3.063 AU) | |
| Eccentricity | 0.149 |
| 1957.827 d (5.36 a) | |
Average orbital speed | 16.92 km/s |
| 204.093° | |
| Inclination | 17.285° |
| 280.422° | |
| 95.654° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 350.4×303.7 km 1 |
| Mass | 5.7×1019 kg |
Mean density | 3.6 g/cm³ |
| 0.186 m/s² | |
| 242.9 m/s | |
| 0.364 d 2 | |
| Albedo | 0.075 |
| Temperature | ~160 K |
Spectral type | F |
| 5.94 | |
Characteristics
Although the biggest asteroid apart from the "big four", Interamnia is not studied a lot. It is easily the biggest of the F-type asteroids, but there are few details of what the inside is made of or shape and no lightcurve analysis has been done to find out the ecliptic coordinates of Interamnia's poles (and its axial tilt). Its apparently high bulk density (though subject to much error) suggests a very solid body entirely without internal porosity or traces of water. This also strongly suggests that Interamnia is big enough to have withstood all the collisions that have happened in the asteroid belt since the Solar System was made.
Its very dark surface and fairly far distance from the Sun means Interamnia can never be seen with 10x50 binoculars. At most oppositions its magnitude is around +11.0, which is less than the minimum brightness of Vesta, Ceres or Pallas. Even at a near-perihelion opposition its magnitude is only around +9.9, which is over four magnitudes lower than Vesta.
Its orbit is a more eccentric than Hygiea (15% versus 12%) but is different because Hygiea's orbit is much more inclined and takes less time to complete one orbit. Another difference is that Interamnia's perihelion is at the other side of the perihelia of the "big four", so that Interamnia at perihelion is actually closer to the Sun than Ceres and Pallas are at the same longitude. It is unlikely to collide with Pallas because their nodes are located too far apart. Although its nodes are located on the opposite side from those of Ceres, it is generally far from Ceres when both cross the same orbital plane and a collision is again unlikely.
704 Interamnia Media
Observations of 704 Interamnia carried out at the Observatory of Teramo (founded by the discoverer of the asteroid, Vincenzo Cerulli) for the 101st anniversary since its discovery. The animation shows Interamnia's path over three hours.
One of the first photographic plates of 704 Interamnia. The image was taken in Oct. 1910; the path of the asteroid is shown in the zoom.
- SPHERE image of Interamnia.jpg
VLT-SPHERE image of Interamnia
Animation of 704 Interamnia's orbit 2000-2020 Sun · Earth · Mars · Jupiter · 704 Interamnia
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) observed 704 Interamnia passing close to a target star, TIC 14802783, on 18/01/19.
Other websites
- Orbital simulation Archived 2012-12-13 at Archive.today from JPL (Java)
- G. Michalak Determination of asteroid masses Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 374, 703 (2001)
- Animation of Asteroid Interamnia taken on April 1—2nd, 2003
- Occultation of GSC 23450183 by (704) Interamnia on 1996 December 17 (dia: 329 km; rotation period of 8.70 +/- 0.06 hours)
- Interamnia Occultations Observed before 2003
- Occultation Archived 2007-01-09 at the Wayback Machine of HIP36189 by (704) Interamnia on 2003 March 23 (dia: 350.4×303.7 km) recorded by Isao Ootsuki (graze) and Hideo Takashima and Fujio Ohbain Japan, analysis by Tsutomu Hayamizu