Allentown, Pennsylvania

Allentown is a city that is in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. After Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, it is Pennsylvania's third most populous city, with 125,845 residents as of the 2020 census.^[1] It is the county seat of Lehigh County.

The town is in east Pennsylvania about 45 minutes away from the Pocono Mountains.

Allentown history

Founding

The city of Allentown was first home to people in 1735. It was then named a Northampton town (Northampton-Towne) in 1762 by William Allen, a rich shipping merchant, Chief Justice of the Province of Pennsylvania and mayor, or leader, of Philadelphia in the past.^[2] The town was made on a 5,000-acre area Allen got for money in 1735 from the sons of William Penn. Allen hoped that Northampton-Towne would become a commercial center because of it being on the Lehigh River and how it was near Philadelphia. Allen gave the area to his son, James, who built a summer home, Trout Hall, there in 1770.

On March 18 1811, the town became a borough. On March 6 1812, Lehigh County was made from the west part of Northampton County, and Northampton was made the county seat. The name of the town became "Allentown" on April 16 1833 because it was liked by people. Allentown was made a city on March 12 1867.

The Liberty Bell was hidden in Allentown's Old Zion Reformed Church from September 24 1777 to June 1778

Liberty Bell

Main page: Liberty Bell

The Liberty Bell was kept away from the British during the American Revolutionary War in Allentown. After George Washington lost the Battle of Brandywine on September 11, 1777, the revolutionary capital of Philadelphia did not have defense, and got ready for the British to attack. The Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania said that eleven bells, like the State House bell and the bells from Philadelphia's Christ Church and St. Peter's Church, should be taken down and taken away from the city to stop the British, who would melt the bells down to and make into cannons, from taking the bells. The bells were moved north to Northampton-Towne, and put in the basement of the Old Zion Reformed Church, in what is now center of Allentown. Today, a shrine in the church's basement marks the same spot where the Liberty Bell was.

Birthplace of the American Industrial Revolution

Before the 1830s, Allentown was a small town with only local markets. When the Lehigh Canal was made the economy got bigger. The town changed with industrialization and became one of the United States' biggest areas for big industry and manufacturing. While Allentown was not as big as Bethlehem, the city right next to it, the iron industry in the area still gave many jobs to the city. Railroads, like the Lehigh Valley Railroad, were very important to move raw materials and made goods, and made many new jobs.

Allentown also had a strong tradition in the making of beer and was home to many breweries people knew, like the Horlacher Brewery (founded 1897, closed 1978).

Early 20th century to present

Allentown in 1901

Economic recovery in the early 20th century was caused by the silk and textile industry. The Adelaide Silk Mill, which was one of the biggest mills in the world, opened in Allentown in 1881. By 1928, there were more than 140 silk and textile mills in the Lehigh Valley which made silk the second biggest industry. By the 1930s, the silk industry was getting slow in all the world because synthetics were taking the place of silk. Catoir Silk Mill, the last silk mill in Allentown, closed in 1989. In 1905, Mack Trucks moved to Macungie, a small suburb of Allentown, which began Allentown's focus on big industrial manufacturing. Today, Allentown's economy is mostly service industries.

Climate

Allentown's climate is called humid continental. Summers are hot and muggy, fall and spring are mild, and winter is cold. Precipitation is almost spread throughout the year at the same rate. Allentown's weather is affected by the Blue Mountain, a mountain ridge from 1,000 to 1,600 feet high about 12 miles north of the city, and South Mountain, a mountain ridge of 500 to 1,000 feet high that is south of the city.

Allentown, Pennsylvania Media

The Farr Building at 739 Hamilton Street, where a hospital for wounded Continental Army troops existed during the Revolutionary War
Hamilton Street Bridge, constructed between 1812 and 1814, was the first bridge built across the Lehigh River. Three times since, in 1841, 1862, and 1902, it was destroyed by flooding and subsequently rebuilt. In the 1980s, the bridge was extensively refurbished.
Albertus L. Meyers Bridge, which crosses the Little Lehigh River at 8th Street in Allentown, was the longest, 2,650 feet (810 m), and highest, 2,650 feet (810 m), concrete bridge in the world at the time of its 1913 opening.
A 1920 postcard of West End Park on Linden Street featuring a statue of Ignatz Gresser, a Union Army soldier from Allentown who received the Medal of Honor for acts of valor during the Battle of Antietam
The 50th reunion of Allentown's First Defenders, a Union Army unit during the Civil War, in front of the Soldiers and Sailors Monument at Hamilton and S. 7th streets in Center City on Memorial Day in 1911
The Allentown Rolling Mill Company, a sizable 19th and early 20th century iron and steel manufacturer on Washington Street in Allentown, in 1889
Adelaide Silk Mill in Allentown, which opened in 1881 and was one of the world's largest silk mills throughout the early 20th century, in 1910
Allentown's Center Square at North 7th and Hamilton streets in present-day Center City, in 1910
Mack Trucks' assembly plant in Allentown in 1945; the company was headquartered in Allentown from 1905 until 2008, when it relocated to Greensboro, North Carolina.
West Hamilton Street and 6th streets in Allentown in 1950