Carnaval
Carnaval, Op. 9, is a work for piano solo by Robert Schumann. It was written in 1834-1835. Subtitled Scènes mignonnes sur quatre notes (Little Scenes on Four Notes). the work is a collection of short pieces representing masked revelers at a festival. Schumann, his friends and colleagues, and characters from improvised Italian comedy (commedia dell’arte) are all depicted musically in the work. Carnaval is centered on four notes which had special meaning for Schumann: A, E-flat, C, B - signified in German as A-S-C-H. Each piece has a title, and the work as a whole is a musical representation of an elaborate masked ball during carnival season.[1] Both Schumann and his wife, Clara, thought his solo piano works too difficult for the general public. They were rarely performed in Schumann's lifetime. Franz Liszt however performed selections from Carnaval in Leipzig in 1840. Today, the work is one of Schumann's most often performed works.[2] The work was orchestrated in the early 20th century for a ballet produced for the Ballets Russes which starred Nijinsky.
Carnival in Rome, c. 1650
Rio's Carnival is the largest in the world according to Guinness World Records.
Feast of the Navigium Isidis, celebrated in Ancient Rome in honor of the goddess Isis
Oinochoe depicting the parade of an armed owl during the celebration of the Anthesteria (Greece, 410–390 BC)
Carnival on Ice at the Kipdorppoort Moats in Antwerp, c. 1620
Carnival in Venice, by Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, 1750
Typical masks worn at the Venice Carnival, which portray the satirical and exaggerated appearances often used
Riderless Racers at Rome by Théodore Géricault. From the mid-15th century until 1882, spring carnival in Rome closed with a horse race. Fifteen to 20 riderless horses, originally imported from the Barbary Coast of North Africa, ran the length of the Via del Corso, a long, straight city street, in about 21⁄2 minutes.
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References
- ↑ Jensen, Eric Frederick, Schumann, Oxford University Press, 2004, p. 150.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
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