Chã das Caldeiras
The Chã das Calderas ("Plain of the calderas"), sometimes abbreviated Chã ("Plain"), is a caldera on the island of Fogo, Cape Verde. With a diameter of 9 km (6 mi) and open to the east, it is surrounded on the west by the bordeira, a mountainous wall which rises to 2,700 m (8,858 ft).[2] It was made by the eruption of Monte Armarelo, which was replaced by the smaller Pico do Fogo.[3]
Settlement | |
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| Coordinates: 14°58′16″N 24°22′01″W / 14.971°N 24.367°WCoordinates: 14°58′16″N 24°22′01″W / 14.971°N 24.367°W | |
| Country | Cape Verde |
| Island | Fogo |
| Municipality | Santa Catarina do Fogo |
| Civil parish | Santa Catarina do Fogo |
| Population (2010)[1] | |
| • Total | 697 |
| ID | 83102 |
Geography
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The Chã das Caldeiras is in southwestern Cape Verde and occupies the north-east of the island of Fogo. It is shared between the municipalities of Mosteiros to the north and Santa Catarina do Fogo to the south.
A little more of a thousand people live permanently inside the caldera, in the small towns of Bangaeira and Portela;[4] these towns are at about 1,700 m (5,577 ft), where sometimes the temperature gets to 0 °C (32 °F).[5] Part of the National Park of Fogo, it is one of the main tourist destinations of Cape Verde. It is accessed by a single central road 35 km (22 mi) long from São Filipe.
The vegetation is sparse but several endemic plants nevertheless grow there, especially Echium vulcanorum (lingua-de-vaca) and Erysimum caboverdeanum (crabo bravo) that can not be found anywhere else. Others are Sarcostemma daltonii (gestiba), Verbascum cystolithicum (mato-branco), Lavandula rotundifolia (aipo) ou Euphorbia tuckeyana (tortolho).[6][7]
Erysimum caboverdeanum (cultivated in Canary Islands)
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Economy
Where land is not covered by lava, farmers grow fruit trees, grains and vineyards. A cooperative produces a local wine, the manecon, which is not send to other countries.[4]
Pigeon pea
(Cajanus cajan)
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Infrastructure
A school had 158 students in 2010.[8] The village of Portela has two churches, one Catholic and one Adventist.
In 2012 there was no electricity in the villages of Bangaeira and Portela but the connection is expected in 2016.[9]
Primary school.
Catholic church.
Office of tourism in a funco, a traditional house.
Wine cooperative.
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Chã Das Caldeiras Media
Village of Bangaeira before the November 2014 – February 2015 eruption
Bangaeira in the aftermath of the 2014–15 eruption, remains of some buildings still exists, some houses were covered with lava, several suffered damages
Two years after the 2014–15 eruption, these were some buildings that survived the lava flows
Main Street of Bangaeira before the 2014-15 eruption, much of it were covered with lava and is now earthened
Catholic Church of Portela.
Coffee plant near Mosteiros.
Cooperative (Associação dos Agricultores de Chã) in Portela
“Espírito da Caldeira” label grape and quince spirits
References
- ↑ "2010 Census results". Instituto Nacional de Estatística Cabo Verde (in Portuguese). 24 November 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ Lesourd, Michel (2006). "Chã das Caldeiras". Le Cap-Vert Aujourd'Hui - Chã das Caldeiras (in français). Paris: Jeune Afrique - Jaguar. pp. 136–140. ISBN 978-2-86950-408-0.
- ↑ Error: no vnum specified when using {{cite gvp}}
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lesourd, Michel (1995). État et société aux îles du Cap-Vert : alternatives pour un petit État insulaire' (in français). Paris: Karthala. pp. 86–87. ISBN 2-86537-625-7.
- ↑ Leyens, Teresa (2002). "Biodiversidade da prevista área protegida na Ilha do Fogo/Cabo Verde" [Biodiversity of the planned protected area in the Fogo Island/Cape Verde] (pdf) (in português). Eschborn, Germany: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ). ISBN 3-933984-38-6. Retrieved 22 August 2013.[dead link]
- ↑ Auguste Chevalier (1935). Les îles du Cap Vert : géographie, biogéographie, agriculture. Flore de l'archipel (in français). Paris: Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, laboratoire d'agronomie coloniale. p. 992. Available at TelaBotanica.
- ↑ Isildo Gomes; et al. (2003). Plantas endémicas e árvores indígenas das ilhas do Cabo Verde (in português). Cape Verde: Instituto Nacional de Investigação e Desenvolvimento Agrário and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeitand.
- ↑ (in pt) Chã das Caldeiras: 158 alunos recebem kits escolares. 13 June 2011. http://www.asemana.publ.cv/spip.php?article57358. Retrieved 23 October 2010.
- ↑ (in pt) Primeiro-ministro promete energia para Chã das Caldeiras, Fogo, até 2016. 13 June 2011. http://rtc.cv/index.php?paginas=13&id_cod=10741. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
Other websites
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide about: Chã das Caldeiras |