Charles Manson
Charles Milles Manson (né Maddox; November 12, 1934 – November 19, 2017) was an American criminal and leader of a Californian cult which murdered several people in the late 1960s and early 1970s. His cult, of young women and men, was known as "The Family."
| Charles Manson | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Manson at Corcoran State Prison, August 2017 | |
| Born | Charles Milles Maddox November 12, 1934 Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. |
| Died | November 19, 2017 (aged 83) Bakersfield, California, U.S. |
| Charge(s) | Murder, conspiracy |
| Spouse |
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| Parents |
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| Children | 2, 1 alleged |
He planned and ordered the Family to commit several brutal murders. Most known is the murder by his followers on August 8, 1969 of Sharon Tate. She was expecting a baby, already 7 / 8 months. The same night they also murdered Steven Parent, a friend of the groundskeeper at the house; Jay Sebring, a hair stylist; Abigail Folger, an heiress and social worker; and Wojciech Frykowski, a Polish writer and actor. The next night, Manson and some of his followers murdered Leno La Bianca, a grocery store owner and his wife Rosemary. Manson and his followers were arrested for stealing cars, but soon it was found out that they were the ones who committed the murders.
Manson was in jail for life in California. He and four Family members were sentenced to death, but the death penalty was abolished in California shortly after that. He was diagnosed with schizophrenia and paranoid delusional disorder.[1] Because of his violent, murderous, anti-social behavior and unstable mental state, he was refused parole in 2012 for the 12th time.[1] He was 77 years old at the time. His next hearing had been set for 2027.[2]
Manson released an album titled Lie: the Love and Terror Cult. It featured Manson's music. All profits of the 2006 revived ESP-Disk label version go to the family of Wojciech Frykowski. Allmusic rated the album 4 out of 5 stars.[3]
Manson "Family"
Manson was a convicted criminal long before the infamous murders. When he was released for the second time, on March 21, 1967, he had spent more than half his 32 years in prisons and other institutions.[4]p137 He told the authorities that prison had become his home and he asked to stay.[4] This fact was disclosed in a 1981 television interview.[5]
On his release day, Manson was allowed to move to San Francisco. With the help of a prison friend he moved into an apartment in Berkeley. While in prison, a bank robber taught him to play the steel guitar.[4]p137[6][7] Living mostly by panhandling, he soon met Mary Brunner, a 23-year-old graduate of the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Brunner was working as a library assistant at University of California, Berkeley, and Manson moved in with her. Someone said in a secondhand report that he managed to talk her into allowing other women to live with them, even though she was against it. Before long, they were sharing Brunner's home with 18 other women.[4]p163–174
Manson set himself up as a guru in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury. During 1967's "Summer of Love," it was becoming the most popular place for hippies to live and hang out. Preaching a philosophy that included some of the Scientology he had studied in prison,[4]p163 he soon had his first group of young followers, most of them female.[4]p137 When Manson was put in prison in July 1961 at the U.S. penitentiary in McNeil Island, Washington, he put "Scientologist" as his religion on a questionnaire.[4]p143
Before the summer ended, Manson and eight or nine of his followers began to travel around in an old school bus. They went as far north as Washington state, then south through Los Angeles, Mexico, and the southwest. Returning to the Los Angeles area, they lived in Topanga Canyon, Malibu, and Venice—western parts of the city and county.[4]p163[8]
Meeting Dennis Wilson
In the late spring of 1968, in some reports of the events, Dennis Wilson, of the Beach Boys, picked up two hitchhiking Manson followers. They were Patricia Krenwinkel and Ella Jo Bailey. Wilson brought them to his house in a rich neighborhood of Los Angeles for a few hours. After an all-night recording session, he came home in the early hours of the next morning. Wilson was greeted in his driveway by Manson, who came out of the house. Feeling afraid, Wilson asked the stranger if he was going to hurt him. Saying no, Manson then began to kiss Wilson's feet.[4]p250[8]p34
Inside his house, Wilson found 12 strangers (mostly women) who had moved in.[4][8]p34 Over the next few months, the number of members moving in continued to grow. The Family members who had made themselves part of Wilson's Sunset Boulevard household cost him about $100,000. This included a large doctor's bill for treatment of their gonorrhea and $21,000 for wrecking his uninsured car, which they had borrowed.[9]ch4 Wilson spent a lot of time singing and talking with Manson, whose women were treated like domestic workers.[4]p250
Wilson paid for recording studio time to work on songs written and performed by Manson. He also introduced Manson to friends of his in the entertainment business. One was Terry Melcher (the son of Doris Day), who was also a musician and record producer. Gregg Jakobson, another friend, also paid to record Manson material.[4][10] He later wrote about this experience with Manson for Rolling Stone magazine. He used a fake name of "Lance Fairweather" for the article.[11]
In his book Manson in His Own Words, Manson says he first met Wilson at a friend's San Francisco house, where Manson had gone to buy cannabis. The drummer then gave Manson his Sunset Boulevard address and invited him to stop by when he would be in Los Angeles.[6]
Spahn Ranch
In August 1968, Manson established a base for the group at Spahn's Movie Ranch, not far from Topanga Canyon, after Wilson's manager told the Family to move out of Wilson's home.[10] The entire Family then relocated to the ranch.[4]p253
Family members did helpful work around the grounds. The women also acted as seeing-eye guides for Spahn. In exchange, Spahn allowed Manson and his group to live at the ranch for free.[4]p99[9]
Helter Skelter
In the first days of November 1968, Manson established the Family at alternative headquarters near Death Valley, where they occupied two unused or little-used ranches.[9][10]ch10
While back at Spahn Ranch, no later than December, Manson and Watson visited a Topanga Canyon acquaintance who played them the Beatles' White Album, then recently released.[9][10][12]ch12 Manson was obsessed with the group. At McNeil, he had told fellow inmates, including Alvin Karpis, that he could surpass the group in fame;[4][8] to the Family, he spoke of the group as "the soul" and "part of 'the hole in the infinite'. "[9]
For some time, he had been saying that racial tension between blacks and whites was growing and that blacks would soon rise up in rebellion in America's cities.[10][13] He had emphasized Martin Luther King, Jr.'s assassination, which had taken place on April 4, 1968.[9] On a bitterly cold New Year's Eve at Myers Ranch, the Family members, gathered outside around a large fire, listened as Manson explained that the social turmoil he had been predicting had also been predicted by the Beatles.[9] The White Album songs, he declared, told it all, though in code. In fact, he said the album was directed at the Family itself, an elect group that was being instructed to preserve the worthy from the impending disaster.[10][13]
In early January 1969, the Family escaped the desert's cold and positioned itself to monitor Los Angeles' supposed racial tension by moving to a canary-yellow home in Canoga Park, not far from the Spahn Ranch.[4][9] Because this would allow the group to remain "submerged beneath the awareness of the outside world",[4]p244 Manson called it the Yellow Submarine, another Beatles reference. There, Family members prepared for the impending apocalypse,[9][10] which, around the campfire, Manson had termed "Helter Skelter," after the song of that name.
By February, Manson's vision was complete. The Family would create an album whose songs, as subtle as those of the Beatles, would trigger the predicted chaos. Ghastly murders of whites by blacks would be met with retaliation and a split between racist and non-racist whites would yield whites' self-annihilation. Blacks' triumph, as it were, would merely precede their being ruled by the Family, which would ride out the conflict in "the bottomless pit"—a secret city beneath Death Valley.[14] At the Canoga Park house, while Family members worked on vehicles and pored over maps to prepare for their desert escape, they also worked on songs for their world-changing album.[9][10]ch13
Murders
A total of eight people are known to have been killed by the Manson Family and two other killings are suspected.
Hinman murder
On July 25, 1969, Manson sent Bobby Beausoleil, Mary Brunner, and Susan Atkins to the house of acquaintance Gary Hinman to persuade him to turn over money Manson thought Hinman had inherited.[4]p75[10][15] The three held the uncooperative Hinman hostage for two days, during which Manson showed up with a sword to slash his ear. After that, Beausoleil stabbed Hinman to death, probably on Manson's instruction. Before leaving the Topanga Canyon residence, one of them used Hinman's blood to write "Political piggy" on the wall and to draw a panther paw, a Black Panther symbol.[4][8]p184
Tate murders
On the night of August 8, Manson directed Charles Watson to take Susan Atkins, Linda Kasabian, and Patricia Krenwinkel to "that house where Melcher used to live" and "totally destroy everyone in [it], as gruesome as you can."[4]p463[10] He told the women to do as Watson would instruct them. Unknown to Manson, the tenants were now Sharon Tate and Roman Polanski. Polanski was in Europe at the time and Tate was at home with three other people. They were all killed, as was a delivery boy who turned up at an inopportune moment.
La Bianca murders
This event was the murder of a supermarket owner and his wife. On this occasion, Manson himself took charge of the murders and six Family members accompanied him. As with the other killings, there was no particular reason for the crime and the victims were unknown to the Family other than Manson.
Illness and death
On January 1, 2017, Manson was taken from Cochran State Prison to Mercy Hospital in downtown Bakersfield. He was suffering from gastrointestinal bleeding. The Los Angeles Times reported that Manson was seriously ill.[16] Some reports suggest Manson was too weak for surgery.[17] He was returned to prison by January 6. There was no report about whether he received any treatment.[18]
On November 15, 2017, it was confirmed that Manson had returned to a hospital in Bakersfield.[19] Four days later, he died at the hospital of natural causes and cardiopulmonary arrest complicated by colorectal cancer at the age of 83.[20] It is currently unknown what fate his body will have.[source?]
Popular culture
- Marilyn Manson's name is from Marilyn Monroe's first name and Manson's surname.[21]
- Manson is a character in the South Park episode "Merry Christmas Charlie Manson!".
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Charles Manson denied parole".
- ↑ Next hearing is set for 2027. CNN.com. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
- ↑ "AllMusic - Record Reviews, Streaming Songs, Genres & Bands". AllMusic.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 Bugliosi, Vincent with Curt Gentry. 1974. Helter skelter: the true story of the Manson murders. Arrow books (1992 ed) ISBN 0-09-997500-9; W.W. Norton (2001) ISBN 0-393-32223-8)
- ↑ 1981 Tom Snyder interview with Charles Manson Part 1 through 7. OneMansBlog.com. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Emmons, Nuel, 1988. Manson in his own words. Grove Press. ISBN 0-8021-3024-0
- ↑ Karpis, Alvin, with Robert Livesey 1980. On the Rock: twenty-five years at Alcatraz.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Sanders, Ed 2002. The Family. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 13–20. ISBN 1-56025-396-7
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 Watkins, Paul with Soledad, Guillermo 1979. My Life with Charles Manson. Bantam. ISBN 0-553-12788-8
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 Watson, Charles 1978. Will you die for me?. Revell. ISBN 0-8007-0912-8
- ↑ Gaines, Stephen S. (1995) [First ed. 1986]. Heroes and Villains: The True Story of the Beach Boys. New York: Da Capo Press. p. 216. ISBN 0-306-80647-9. OCLC 32589410.
- ↑ "1". Manson. aboundinglove.org. Manson's right-hand man speaks out!. ISBN 0-9678519-1-2. Retrieved 21 November 2007.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 The Influence of the Beatles on Charles Manson. UMKC Law. Retrieved April 7, 2006.
- ↑ Transcript of the Testimony of Paul Watkins in the State of California v. Charles Manson; Los Angeles, California, Thursday, August 26, 1971 CharlesManson.com. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
- ↑ Atkins, Susan, with Slosser, Bob (1977). Child of Satan, Child of God. Plainfield, NJ: Logos International. pp. 94–120. ISBN 0-88270-276-9.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Winton, Richard; Hamilton, Matt; Branson-Potts, Hailey (January 4, 2017). "Killer Charles Manson's failing health renews focus on cult murder saga". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
- ↑ US killer Manson 'too weak' for surgery. RTÉ. January 7, 2017. https://www.rte.ie/news/2017/0107/843268-charles-manson/. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
- ↑ Winton, Richard; Christensen, Kim (January 7, 2017). "Charles Manson is returned to prison after stay at Bakersfield hospital". Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-manson-returned-to-prison20170106-story.html. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
- ↑ Tchekmedyian, Alene (15 November 2017). "Charles Manson hospitalized in Bakersfield; severity of illness unclear". Los Angeles Times. http://beta.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-charles-manson-hospitalized-20171115-story.html. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
- ↑ "Charles Manson Dead at 83". TMZ. November 19, 2017.
- ↑ "Marilyn Manson". IMDb.