Christian IV of Denmark
Christian IV (12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was the king of Denmark-Norway from 1588 until his death. He had a rule of more than 59 years. Because of this, he has the longest rule of all the kings of Denmark. He is sometimes referred to as Christian Firtal in Denmark and Christian Kvart or Quart in Norway.
| Christian IV | |
|---|---|
| King of Denmark and Norway | |
 Portrait by Pieter Isaacsz, 1611-1616. | |
| 4 April 1588 – 28 February 1648 | |
| 29 August 1596 | |
| Predecessor | Frederick II |
| Successor | Frederick III |
| Born | 12 April 1577 Frederiksborg Palace |
| Died | 28 February 1648 (aged 70) Rosenborg Castle |
| Burial | Roskilde Cathedral |
| Spouse | Anne Catherine of Brandenburg Kirsten Munk |
| Issue | Frederick III of Denmark |
| House | House of Oldenburg |
| Father | Frederick II of Denmark |
| Mother | Sofie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
Court life
Christian was the son of Frederick II, king of Denmark-Norway, and Sofie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. He was born at Frederiksborg castle in 1577.[1] He succeeded the throne at 11, when his father died on 4 April 1588.[1] While he was still growing up, chancellor Niels Kaas and the Rigsraadet council served as helpers of the royal power. He received a good education. He was a strong-willed and clever student.[2] At the age of 19, Christian became king on 17 August 1596.[1]
On 30 November 1597, he married Anne Catherine of Brandenburg, a daughter of Joachim Friedrich, margrave of Brandenburg and duke of Prussia. The queen died 14 years later, after giving birth to six children. Four years after her death the king privately married a beautiful young gentlewoman, Kirsten Munk. Through her he had 12 children. However, this marriage was to be very bad to Denmark.[1]
In the course of 1628 he discovered an affair of his wife, Kirsten Munk, with one of his German officers. When he put her away she tried to cover up her own disgrace by suggesting an affair between one of her fired maids and the king. In January 1630 they separated completely. Kirsten went away to Jutland. Meanwhile, Christian openly declared Vibeke as his mistress. She gave birth to a large family. Vibeke's children were of course the natural enemies of the children of Kirsten Munk. The anger of the two families influenced the future history of Denmark.[1]
Christian IV Of Denmark Media
Frederiksborg Castle, c. 1585.
At the death bed of Niels Kaas. The 17-year-old Christian IV receives from the dying chancellor the keys to the vault where the royal crown and sceptre are stored.History painting by Carl Bloch, 1880.
The coronation of King Christian IV on 29 August 1596History painting by Otto Bache, 1887.
Coat of arms of Christian IV and Queen Anne Catherine. From Kompagnietor, Flensburg.
Tranquebar on India's south coast.
Christian IV receives homage from the countries of Europe as mediator in the Thirty Years' War.Grisaille by Adrian van de Venne, 1643.
Christian IV at the Battle of Colberger Heide
Christian IV of Denmark
Chapel of Christian IV at Roskilde Cathedral
King Christian IV and Queen Anne Catherine with the Prince-Elect. It was originally two separate portraits. The King was painted by Pieter Isaacsz, c. 1612
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, 1911, "Christian IV"
- ↑ "Gads Historieleksikon", 3rd edition, 2006. Paul Ulff-Møller, "Christian 4.", pp.99-100. ISBN 87-12-04259-5