Commonwealth of England
The Commonwealth of England was the republican government which ruled first England and then Ireland and Scotland from 1649 to 1660. After the execution of Charles I on January 30, 1649, the Commonwealth was declared (An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth) by the Rump Parliament on May 19, 1649. The government during 1653 to 1659 is properly called The Protectorate, and took the form of direct personal rule by Oliver Cromwell and, after his death, his son Richard, as Lord Protector. The term Commonwealth is, however, loosely used to describe the system of government during the whole of 1649 to 1660, the years of the English Interregnum.
Commonwealth of England | |||||||||||||||||
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| 1649–1660 | |||||||||||||||||
| Location of Commonwealth of England | |||||||||||||||||
| Capital | London | ||||||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | English | ||||||||||||||||
| Government | Republic (1649–1653; 1659–1660) Dictatorship (1653–1659) | ||||||||||||||||
• first Lord Protector | Oliver Cromwell | ||||||||||||||||
• last Lord Protector | Richard Cromwell | ||||||||||||||||
| Establishment | |||||||||||||||||
• Execution of Charles I | 30 January 1649 | ||||||||||||||||
• Election of Charles II as king | 1660 | ||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||
• Total | 315,093 km2 (121,658 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||
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| Today part of | United Kingdom, Ireland | ||||||||||||||||
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Other websites
Commonwealth Of England Media
A 21st-century edition of the Act Declaring and Constituting the People of England to be a Commonwealth and Free-State enacted on 19 May 1649
- Commonwealth Unite 1653 692157.jpg
A gold Unite from 1653
- Arms of the Protectorate (1653–1659).svg
Arms of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector, used on the great seal from 1655 to 1659.