Epoch (geology)

An epoch in geology is a part of a period. Thus the Cainozoic era is now divided into three periods, the Palaeogene, the Neogene and the Quaternary. These are finally broken down into these epochs: Palaeocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene and Holocene.

The Tertiary, now not used ('deprecated'), included the Palaeogene and Neogene. That is why the last period is called the Quarternary, and there was a big debate about that, too. These decisions are made by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS). This organisation runs an International Commission on Stratigraphy, which decides how we should name geological strata and stages. They describe their work as follows:

"[Our] primary objective is to precisely define global units (systems, series, and stages) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart... [These] are the basis for the units (periods, epochs, and age) of the International Geologic Time Scale."

• Mesozoic
  • Triassic

    Lower Triassic

    Middle Triassic

    Upper Triassic

  • Jurassic

    Lower Jurassic

    Middle Jurassic

    Upper Jurassic

  • Cretaceous

    Lower Cretaceous

    Upper Cretaceous

• Cainozoic
  • Palaeogene

    Palaeocene

    Eocene

    Oligocene

  • Neogene

    Miocene

    Pliocene

  • Quaternary

    Pleistocene

    Holocene

Epoch (geology) Media

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  The geologic time scale, proportionally represented as a log-spiral with some major events in Earth's history. A megaannus (Ma) represents one million (106) years.