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German National People's Party

The German National People's Party (German: Deutschnationale Volkspartei and short: DNVP) was national-conservative party of the time of the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich. This party was founded in 1918, after World War I. In June 1933, the DNVP merged with the NSDAP.

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Deutschnationale Volkspartei
Other nameGerman National Front (May–June 1933)[1]
Chairman
List
Merger of • German Fatherland Party
 • German Social Party[2]
 • German Völkisch Party[3]
 • German Conservative Party
 • Free Conservative Party
 • Christian Social Party[3]
 • National Liberal Party (far-right faction)
Succeeded byPre-war:
Single-party system of the NSDAP
Post-war:
Deutsche Rechtspartei (DKP-DRP)[4][5]
NewspaperSupported by the Hugenberg Group[6]
Youth wingBismarckjugend
Paramilitary wings • Der Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten
 • Kampfstaffeln
Policy institutePan-German League
Women’s wingQueen Louise League (unofficial)
Trade unions • Deutschnational Arbeiterbund
 • Deutschnationaler Angestelltenbund
Membership950,000 (c. 1923)
IdeologyPan-Germanism
German nationalism
National conservatism[7]
Social conservatism
Military rearmament
Right-wing populism[8][9]
Volksgemeinschaft
Authoritarian conservatism[10]
Reactionary monarchism[11][12][13]
Anti-Treaty of Versailles
Anti-communism
Antisemitism[14]
Political positionRight-wing[15][16] to far-righta[›][17][18]
Political alliance • Opposition to the Young Plan (1929)
 • Harzburg Front (1931)
Electoral allianceBlack-White-Red Struggle Front (1933)
Colours  Black,   white and   red
(official, German Imperial colours)
<span class="legend-color" style="background-color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/G' not found.; color:;border:1px solid darkgray;">  Light blue (customary)
Seats in the
Reichstag (1924)
103 / 493
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Party flag
Flag of Germany (1867–1918).svg
^ a: The German National People's Party (DNVP) was divided between reactionary conservative monarchists and more radical völkisch and anti-semitic elements.

Chairman

German National People's Party Media

  • A DNVP poster from 1920 showing a Teutonic knight being attacked by Poles and socialists as the caption reads "Save the East"

  • Clemens von Delbrück served as the DNVP's chief spokesman during the National Assembly that wrote the constitution of 1919.

  • Karl Helfferich, leader of the DNVP's Reichstag delegation 1919–1924, was well known for his abusive and abrasive style of politics which led to Chancellor Joseph Wirth to accuse him in 1922 on the floor of the Reichstag of moral responsibility for the assassination of Walther Rathenau.

  • Reinhold Wulle (left) was one of the leaders of the DNVP's völkisch wing in the early 1920s who walked out of the party in 1922.

  • Oskar Hergt, the DNVP's first leader from 1918 to 1924 whose Dawes Plan vote of 1924 proved to be the end of his leadership

  • In 1924, the DNVP made a major push to have Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz as Chancellor, sparking widespread international condemnation.

  • In the December 1924 federal election, constituencies with a DNVP plurality coloured in light blue show the party had its strongholds in the northeastern provinces, especially Pomerania.

  • Kuno von Westarp (second from the left) together with Hohenzollern princes at the DNVP convention, 1924

  • The DNVP campaigns for Paul von Hindenburg in the 1925 election

  • In October 1928, Westarp was deposed as the DNVP's leader.

References

  1. ↑ Leopold, John Alfred Hugenberg The Radical Nationalist Campaign against the Weimar Republic, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977 page 149.
  2. ↑ Larry Eugene Jones, The German Right in the Weimar Republic: Studies in the History of German Conservatism, Nationalism, and Antisemitism, Berghahn Books, 2014, p. 80
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Winkler, Heinrich August (2000), Germany: The Long Road West, 1789–1933, Oxford University Press, p. 352
  4. ↑ R. Eatwell, Fascism: A History, London: Pimlico, 2003, p. 277
  5. ↑ Dudek, Peter; Jaschke, Hans-Gerd (1984). Entstehung und Entwicklung des Rechtsextremismus in der Bundesrepublik. Vol. 1. Westdeutscher Verlag. pp. 181–201.
  6. ↑ Robert Wistrich, Who's Who in Nazi Germany, Bonanza Books, 1984, p. 157
  7. ↑ Ulrike Ehret (2012). "The Catholic right, political Catholicism and radicalism: the Catholic right in Germany". Church, Nation and Race: Catholics and Antisemitism in Germany and England, 1918-45. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-1-84779-452-9.
  8. ↑ Kitchen, Martin (2006), Europe Between the Wars: A Political History (Second ed.), Pearson Education, p. 249
  9. ↑ Barth, Boris (2006), Genozid: Völkermord im 20. Jahrhundert : Geschichte, Theorien, Kontroversen (in German), C. H. Beck, p. 176{{citation}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  10. ↑ Seymour M. Lipset, "Social Stratification and 'Right-Wing Extremism'" British Journal of Sociology 10#4 (1959), pp. 346-382 on-line
  11. ↑ Serge, Victor (2011), Witness to the German Revolution, Haymarket Books, p. 232
  12. ↑ Gunlicks, Arthur B. (2011), Comparing Liberal Democracies: The United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the European Union, iUniverse, p. 127
  13. ↑ Ringer, Fritz K. (1990), The Decline of the German Mandarins: The German Academic Community, 1890–1933, University Press of New England, p. 201
  14. ↑ Eric D. Weitz, Weimar Germany: Promise and Tragedy. (Princeton: Princeton University, 2007), 95–96.
  15. ↑ Jones, Larry Eugene; Retallack, James (1992). Introduction. Elections, Mass Politics and Social Change in Modern Germany: New Perspectives. Cambridge University Press. p. 11.
  16. ↑ Stibbe, Matthew (2010). Germany, 1914–1933: Politics, Society and Culture. Pearson Education. p. 212.
  17. ↑ Caldwell, Peter C. (1997), Popular Sovereignty and the Crisis of German Constitutional Law: The Theory & Practice of Weimar Constitutionalism, Duke University Press, p. 74
  18. ↑ Caldwell, Peter C. (2008), "The Citizen and the Republic in Germany, 1918–1935", Citizenship and National Identity in Twentieth-Century Germany, Stanford University Press, p. 48
  19. ↑ "Nazis Outlaw Nationalists As Rival Party", Milwaukee Sentinel, June 28, 1933, p2



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