Lecompton, Kansas
Lecompton (pronounced /lɪˈkɒmptən/)[3] is a city in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, there were 625 people there.[4] Lecompton had a big historical role in pre-Civil War America as the territorial capital of Kansas from 1855 to 1861. This time period was known as Bleeding Kansas.
 Location within Douglas County and Kansas | |
 | |
| Coordinates: 39°2′40″N 95°23′41″W / 39.04444°N 95.39472°WCoordinates: 39°2′40″N 95°23′41″W / 39.04444°N 95.39472°W[1] | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Kansas |
| County | Douglas |
| Founded | 1854 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1.78 sq mi (4.61 km2) |
| • Land | 1.77 sq mi (4.58 km2) |
| • Water | 0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2) |
| Elevation | 925 ft (282 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 625 |
| • Estimate (2017) | 647 |
| • Density | 351.1/sq mi (135.57/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| FIPS code | 20-39150 [1] |
| GNIS ID | 478805 [1] |
| Website | lecompton.org |
History
Lecompton was founded in 1854 on a bluff on the south side of the Kansas River. At first, the city's name was "Bald Eagle", but the name was changed to Lecompton in honor of Samuel Lecompte, the chief justice of the territorial supreme court.[5] In the spring of 1855, the town became the capital of the Kansas Territory. President James Buchanan chose a governor and officials to create government offices in Lecompton. The first post office in Lecompton was created in September 1855.[6]
In the fall of 1857 a convention met in Constitution Hall. They drafted the famous Lecompton Constitution, which would have made Kansas become a slave state. The constitution was rejected after angry national debate and was one of the main ideas of the Lincoln-Douglas debates. The controversy added to the growing fight that became the civil war. The Lecompton Constitution failed, in part, because the antislavery people had control of the territorial legislature in the election of 1857. The new legislature met at Constitution Hall and quickly started to get rid of the pro-slavery laws.
The free-staters shortly tried to move the territorial capital to Minneola, Franklin County, Kansas through a vote, but the resulting bill was later rejected by Kansas territorial governor James W. Denver, and was made void by Jeremiah S. Black, Attorney General of the United States.[7] As such, Lecompton remained the de jure territorial capital. This was until Topeka became the capital when Kansas became a state on January 29, 1861. The American Civil War began on April 12, 1861.
Geography
Lecompton is at 39°2′35″N 95°23′42″W / 39.04306°N 95.39500°W (39.042927, -95.395039).[8] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.78 square miles (4.61 km2), of which, 1.77 square miles (4.58 km2) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2) is water.[2]
Climate
The climate in this area is has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Lecompton has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[9]
Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1880 | 284 | ||
| 1890 | 450 | 58.5% | |
| 1900 | 408 | −9.3% | |
| 1910 | 386 | −5.4% | |
| 1920 | 310 | −19.7% | |
| 1930 | 288 | −7.1% | |
| 1940 | 250 | −13.2% | |
| 1950 | 263 | 5.2% | |
| 1960 | 304 | 15.6% | |
| 1970 | 434 | 42.8% | |
| 1980 | 576 | 32.7% | |
| 1990 | 619 | 7.5% | |
| 2000 | 608 | −1.8% | |
| 2010 | 625 | 2.8% | |
| Est. 2014 | 637 | [10] | 4.8% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | |||
Lecompton is part of the Lawrence, Kansas Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Lecompton, Kansas Media
Downtown Lecompton.
*File name: 10_08_000013*Title: Lecompton, Kansas, in 1867, 50 miles west of Missouri River.*Creator/Contributor: Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882 (photographer)*Date issued: 1869 (approximate)*Date created: 1867*Physical description: 1 photographic print : albumen ; image 14.9 x 20.3 cm.*Genre: Albumen prints; Landscape photographs*Subjects: Cities & towns; Lecompton, Kansas*Notes: On March 9, 1869 a joint resolution of Congress authorized the changing of the Union Pa
Former Kansas Democratic Headquarters
Former Lane University, now the Territorial Capital Museum
Former Lecompton City Jail
Radical United Brethren Church
Governor's mansion in Lecompton in 1857
Drawing of planned state capitol in Lecompton
_(cropped).jpg)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) details for Lecompton, Kansas; United States Geological Survey (USGS); October 13, 1978.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
- ↑ William Allen White School of Journalism and Public Information (1955). A pronunciation guide to Kansas place names. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas. p. 15. hdl:2027/mdp.39015047651115.
- ↑ "2010 City Population and Housing Occupancy Status". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
- ↑ Michael Heim (2007). Exploring Kansas Highways. p. 49. ISBN 9780974435886.
- ↑ "Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961". Kansas Historical Society. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
- ↑ Daniel Fitzgerald (1988). "Centropolis/Minneola". Ghost Towns of Kansas. University Press of Kansas. pp. 61–65. ISBN 0700603689.
- ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ↑ Climate Summary for Lecompton, Kansas
- ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.