Lungfish

Lungfish are members of the order Dipnoi. They are a sister group to the coelacanths and to the early lobe-finned fish which gave rise to the tetrapods. All these fish have paired appendages, fins or limbs, attached to a pelvis or shoulder by means of a single bone, the femur or humerus.

Lungfish Temporal range: Early Devonian - Recent
Queensland Lungfish
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Subphylum:	Vertebrata
Class:	Sarcopterygii
Order:	Dipnoi
Orders
Ceratodontiformes Lepidosireniformes

The living members of the group are special freshwater fish. They are the only living fish that have both lungs and gills. They need this because they live in small lakes and rivers that sometimes dry up. When this happens, these fish don't die, but they can survive in the mud, for up to 4 years. They use their lungs during this time. This is called aestivation, which is a type of dormancy.

Currently there 8 species of lungfish, six of them in Africa, one in South America and one in Australia.

Lungfish Media

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  Creative Commons "Attribution" license icon.

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  Fig. 89. The Barramunda (Ceratodus) (From Queensland.)

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  Marbled lungfish (Protopterus aethiopicus)

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  East African lungfish or Gilled lungfish, Protopterus amphibius in the Suma Aqualife Park

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  West African Lungfish

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  Protopterus dolloi

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  Illustration of Ceratodus by Heinrich Harder