Manuel L. Quezon
Manuel Luis Quezón y Molina (August 19, 1878 – August 1, 1944) served as president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He was the first Filipino to head a government of the Philippines. Quezón is considered by most Filipinos to have been the second president of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo (1897–1901).
Manuel L. Quezón | |
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| 2nd President of the Philippines 1st President of the Commonwealth | |
| In office November 15, 1935 – August 1, 1944 | |
| Vice President | Sergio Osmeña |
| Preceded by | Abolished (Last title held by Emilio Aguinaldo) |
| Succeeded by | José P. Laurel (de facto) |
| 1st President of the Senate of the Philippines | |
| In office August 29, 1916 – November 15, 1935 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Manuel Roxas |
| Senator of the Philippines from the 5th Senatorial District | |
| In office October 16, 1916 – November 15, 1935 Served with: Vicente Ilustre (1916–1919) Antero Soriano (1919–1925) José P. Laurel (1925–1931) Claro M. Recto (1931–1935) | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Secretary of National Defense | |
| In office July 16, 1941 – December 10, 1941 | |
| President | Himself |
| Preceded by | Teofilo Sison |
| Succeeded by | Jorge B. Vargas |
| Resident Commissioner to the U.S. House of Representatives from the Philippine Islands | |
| In office November 23, 1909 – October 15, 1916 | |
| Preceded by | Pablo Ocampo |
| Succeeded by | Teodoro R. Yangco |
| Majority Leader of the Philippine House of Representatives | |
| In office October 16, 1907 – November 23, 1909 As Majority Leader of the Philippine Assembly | |
| Member of the Philippine Assembly from Tayabas' 1st District | |
| In office October 16, 1907 – October 16, 1916 | |
| Preceded by | Position Established |
| Succeeded by | Filemon Perez |
| Governor of Tayabas | |
| In office 1906–1907 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina August 19, 1878 Baler, Tayabas, Spanish East Indies (now Baler, Aurora, Philippines) |
| Died | August 1, 1944 (aged 65) Saranac Lake, New York, United States |
| Resting place | Quezon Memorial Circle, Quezon City, Philippines |
| Nationality | Filipino |
| Political party | Nacionalista Party |
| Other political affiliations | Democratic Party |
| Spouse(s) | Aurora Aragón |
| Relations | Manuel L. Quezon III (grandson) |
| Children | Ma. Aurora Quezon Maria Zeneida Quezon-Avanceña Manuel L. Quezon, Jr. Luisa Corazon Paz Quezon |
| Alma mater | Colegio de San Juan de Letran University of Santo Tomas |
| Profession | Lawyer, Soldier |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Philippines |
| Branch/service | Philippine Revolutionary Army Philippine Commonwealth Army |
| Years of service | 1899–1900 1941–1944 |
| Rank | Major |
| Battles/wars | Philipine-American War World War II |
Quezón was the first Senate president elected to the presidency, the first president elected through a national election, and the first president to be re-elected. He is known as the "Father of the National Language".
During his presidency, Quezón tackled the problem of landless peasants in the countryside. He also reorganized the islands's military defenses, planned to reorganize the government, promotion of settlement and development in Mindanao, tried to end foreign control over Philippine trade and commerce, proposals for land reform and the tackling of graft and corruption within the government. Quezón set up a government-in-exile in the US when World War II started and the Philippines were threatened with a Japanese invasion. During his exile in the US, Manuel Quezón died of tuberculosis in Saranac Lake, New York.
Manuel L. Quezon Media
Quezon as aide-de-camp of General Emilio Aguinaldo
Quezon as Resident Commissioner of the Philippines
Senate President Quezon (third from left) with representatives of the Philippine Independence Mission in 1924
Coat of arms of the Philippines (1935–1940, 1941–1946)
Quezon's Official Portrait in Malacañang Palace
President Quezon wearing his Inaugural barong
President Quezon at work in The Executive Building (now Kalayaan Hall)
Quezon before a 1937 NBC broadcast
Quezon signing the Women's Suffrage Bill after the 1937 plebiscite
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