Montserrat
Montserrat is a Caribbean island and a British Overseas Territory. Officially, the capital is Plymouth, but the government has moved to Brades after Chances Peak erupted, destroying Plymouth in 1995.
 Coat of arms | |
| Motto(s): | |
| Anthem: "God Save the King"[a] | |
| National song: "Motherland"[2] | |
 Location of Montserrat (circled in red) | |
 Topographic map of Montserrat showing the "exclusion zone" due to volcanic activity, and the new airport in the north. The roads and settlements in the exclusion zone have mostly been conquered by natural forces. | |
| Sovereign state |  United Kingdom |
| English settlement | 1632 |
| Treaty of Paris | 3 September 1783 |
| Federation | 3 January 1958 |
| Separate colony | 31 May 1962 |
| Capital | Plymouth (de jure)[b] Brades (de facto)[c] Little Bay (under construction) 16°45′N 62°12′W / 16.750°N 62.200°WCoordinates: 16°45′N 62°12′W / 16.750°N 62.200°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Demonym(s) | Montserratian |
| Government | Parliamentary dependency under a constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
• Governor | Harriet Cross |
• Premier | Reuben Meade |
| Legislature | Legislative Assembly |
| Area | |
• Total | 102 km2 (39 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Highest elevation | 1,050 m (3,440 ft) |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 4,390[3] (194th) |
• 2018 census | 4,649[4] (intercensal count) |
• Density | 46/km2 (119.1/sq mi) (not ranked) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2014 estimate |
• Total | US$63 million[5] |
• Per capita | US$12,384 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | US$181,680,000[6] |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Time zone | UTC-4:00 (AST) |
| Driving side | left |
| ISO 3166 code | MS |
| Internet TLD | .ms |
| Website | https://www.gov.ms/ |
Before the island was called Montserrat, Kalinago and Taíno people had lived in the region for a long time. They knew it as Alliouagana.[7]
Montserrat was colonised mostly by Irish Catholics.[8] They brought many black slaves to the island and forced them to work on sugar plantations.[9] The work the slaves made many plantations grow wealthy. When slavery was made illegal in the 1830s, the British Empire paid all the slave owners.[10]
Montserrat Media
United States Navy Band - God Save the King
National Anthem of Montserrat - Motherland
A view of half of the coastline of Little Bay, and a glimpse of Carrs Bay, taken from partway up the headland between Little Bay and Rendezvous Bay, 2012
Map of Montserrat (top) and Plymouth (bottom) in 1869
Barquentine 'Hilda' loading lime juice
ParishesSt. Peter (red)St. Georges (green)St. Anthony (cyan)Plymouth (◾)
- Coastalcliffs
Eruption of the Soufrière Hills volcano on 22 September 1997
Plymouth City (former capital and major port of Montserrat) on 12 July 1997, after pyroclastic flows burned much of what was not covered in ash
False-colour time-lapse images of the Soufrière Hills volcanic dome collapse in 2010, from NASA
References
- ↑ "National Anthem". The Royal Family. Archived from the original on 20 May 2024. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
- ↑ Motherland
- ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". population.un.org. United Nations. 2022. Archived from the original on 16 August 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ↑ "Intercensal Population Count and Labour Force Survey 2018" (PDF). Montserrat Statistics Department Labour Force Census Results. Montserrat Statistics Department. 6 December 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 November 2019. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
- ↑ "UN Data". 2014. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ↑ "Montserrat Real Gross Domestic Product | Moody's Analytics". economy.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ↑ "Montserrat - History". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
- ↑ Hogan, Liam; McAtackney, Laura; Reilly, Matthew C. (29 February 2016). "The Irish in the Anglo-Caribbean: servants or slaves?". History Ireland. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
- ↑ Ryzewski, Krysta; Cherry, John F. (2015). "Struggles of a Sugar Society: Surveying Plantation-Era Montserrat, 1650–1850". International Journal of Historical Archaeology. 19 (2): 356–383. doi:10.1007/s10761-015-0292-7. ISSN 1092-7697. JSTOR 24572794. S2CID 144561731.
- ↑ "Legacies of British Slave-ownership". UCL Department of History. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
- ↑ "God Save the King" is the national anthem by custom, not statute, and there is no authorised version. Typically only the first verse is usually sung, although the second verse is also often sung as well at state and public events.[1] The words King, he, him, his, used at present, are replaced by Queen, she, her when the monarch is female.
- ↑ Abandoned in 1997, following a volcanic eruption, although it is still the de jure capital.
- ↑ Government buildings are now located in Brades, making it the de facto capital.
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