Near East
The Near East is a large area of land in the eastern hemisphere. Countries of the eastern Mediterranean are part of the Near East. The name of the Near East comes from its position to the east of Europe and to the west of the Middle East and the Far East.[1][2]
The Levant, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Iran, and Egypt are all regions that are part of the Near East.[3] In the past, the Balkan Peninsula, south-west Asia, and northern Africa were part of the Near East as well.[2] The Near East is also a name for Middle East which archaeologist, geographer and historian use.
Background
The term Near East came into use in the 1890s, when European powers had to deal with two critical situations in the "east".[4] The Sino-Japanese War in 1894–1895 in the Far East, and the Armenian Genocide in the Near East.[4]
British archaeologist D.G. Hogarth published The Nearer East in 1902, which helped to define the term and its extent, including Albania, Montenegro, southern Serbia and Bulgaria, Greece, Egypt, all the Ottoman lands, the entire Arabian peninsula, and western parts of Iran.[4]
Near East Media
- Near East topographic map-blank.svg
Topographic map of parts of the Near East
- Ottoman empire.svg
At the height of its power (1683), the Ottoman Empire controlled territory in the Near East and North Africa, as well as Central and Southeastern Europe.
- B) Syria - Belka, Woman from Damascus, Arab from Baghdad.jpg
Inhabitants of the Near East, late 19th century
- Reception ceremony of the Conte de Saint Priest at the Ottoman Porte Antoine de Favray 1767.jpg
Ottoman Porte, 1767, gateway to trade with the Levant. Painting by Antoine de Favray.
- HenryRawlinson.JPG
A photograph of Henry C. Rawlinson.
Australian troops, Gallipoli, 1915. The battle was an Ottoman victory.
- Maunsell's map, Pre-World War I British Ethnographical Map of eastern Turkey in Asia, Syria and western Persia 01.jpg
Maunsell's map, a Pre-World War I British Ethnographical Map of the Near East
- Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs.png
Logotype of the Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs
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References
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Middle East, n.". Oxford English Dictionary Online (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. 2018 [2003].
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).