Pope Pius XII
Pope Pius XII (Latin: Pius PP. XII; Italian: Pio XII), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (March 2, 1876 – October 9, 1958), was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 261st Pope from 1939 to 1958.[1]
| Venerable Pope Pius XII | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Papacy began | March 2, 1939 |
| Papacy ended | October 9, 1958 |
| Predecessor | Pius XI |
| Successor | John XIII |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Eugenio Maria Guiseppe Giovanni Pacelli |
| Born | March 2, 1876 Rome, Italy |
| Died | October 9, 1958 (aged 82) Castel Gandolfo, Italy |
| Motto | Opus Justitiae Pax (The work of justice shall be peace) |
| Other Popes named Pius | |
Early life
Pacelli was born on 2 March 1876 in Rome, Italy. He studied at the Capranica Seminary and the Pontifical Gregorian University. In 1895, he earned a degree in Theology.[2]
Priest
Pacelli was ordained as a priest on 2 April 1899. In 1904, he was raised to the rank of Monsignor. He worked at the Office of the Congregation of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs.[2]
Bishop
In 1917, Pope Benedict XV appointed him an archbishop and nuncio to Bavaria, Germany.[2]
Cardinal
Pope Pius XI raised Pacelli to the rank of Cardinal in December 1929.[3]
In February 1930, Cardinal Pacelli became the Vatican Secretary of State.[3]
Pope
Cardinal Pacelli was elected Pope on 2 March 1939,[2] which was his 63th birthday.
Pius XII wrote forty-one official papal letters (encylicals).
Pius XII named forty-two new cardinals.
Pope Pius XII Media
Eugenio Pacelli at the age of six in 1882
Pacelli on the day of his ordination: 2 April 1899
The Serbian Concordat, 24 June 1914. Present for the Vatican were Cardinal Merry del Val and next to him, Pacelli.
Pacelli at the Headquarters of Wilhelm II
Eugenio Pacelli, nuncio in Bavaria Pacelli visits a group of bishops
Nuncio Pacelli in July 1924 at the 900th anniversary of the City of Bamberg
Secretary of State Pacelli with Brazilian president Getúlio Vargas (at Pacelli's right shoulder) and other dignitaries in Rio de Janeiro, 1934
A smiling Pacelli with Argentine president Agustín P. Justo
Related pages
References
- ↑ "List of Popes," Catholic Encyclopedia (2009); retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Pope Pius XII"[dead link], Embryo Project Archived 2011-10-05 at the Wayback Machine (2010); retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Cardinal Pacelli Papal Secretary," New York Times. February 11, 1930; retrieved 2011-11-9.
Other websites
Media related to Pius XII at Wikimedia Commons
- Vatican webpage, Pius XII biography (in Italian)
- Critical Online Edition of the Nuncial Reports of Eugenio Pacelli (1917–1929)
- Tomb of Pius XII
- Catholic hierarchy, Pope Pius XII
- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, Cardinal Pacelli Archived 2013-12-31 at the Wayback Machine
| Preceded by Pius XI |
Pope 1939–1958 |
Succeeded by John XXIII |