President of Myanmar
The president of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (Burmese: နိုင်ငံတော် သမ္မတ; MLCTS: nuing ngam tau samma.ta.) is the head of state and head of government of Myanmar.
| President of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် သမ္မတ | |
|---|---|
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 | |
| Style | Mr. President (informal) His Excellency (formal) |
| Type | Head of state |
| Member of | Cabinet (normally) National Defence and Security Council |
| Residence | Presidential Palace |
| Seat | Naypyidaw |
| Nominator | Assembly of the Union |
| Appointer | Presidential Electoral College |
| Term length | Five years, renewable once |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of Myanmar |
| Precursor | Governor of Burma |
| Formation | 4 January 1948 |
| First holder | Sao Shwe Thaik |
| Deputy | Vice President |
| Salary | K5 million/US$ 2,385 per month[1] |
| Website | www |
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The president is elected by members of parliament, not by the general population. The Presidential Electoral College, a three committee body, elects the president.[2]
List of officeholders
- Political parties
Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (AFPFL) <span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/U' not found.; color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/U' not found."> Union Karen League (UKL) <span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/B' not found.; color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/B' not found."> Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP) <span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/U' not found.; color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/U' not found."> Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) <span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/N' not found.; color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/N' not found."> National League for Democracy (NLD)
- Other affiliations
<span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/M' not found.; color:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Political party/M' not found."> Military
- Status
Acting president
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
| No. | Portrait | Name (Lifespan) |
Term of office | Political party | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | Duration | ||||||
Union of Burma (1948–1974) | ||||||||
| 1 | 
|
Sao Shwe Thaik စဝ်ရွှေသိုက် (1895–1962) |
4 January 1948 | 16 March 1952 | 4 years, 72 days | Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League | ||
| 2 | 
|
Ba U ဘဦး (1887–1963) |
16 March 1952 | 13 March 1957 | 4 years, 362 days | Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League | ||
| 3 | 
|
Win Maung ဝင်းမောင် (1916–1989) |
13 March 1957 | 2 March 1962 (Deposed in a coup) |
4 years, 354 days | Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (Union Karen League) |
||
| — | 
|
Ne Win နေဝင်း (1911–2002) |
2 March 1962 | 2 March 1974 | 12 years | Military / Burma Socialist Programme Party |
||
Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (1974–1988) | ||||||||
| 4 |
|
Ne Win နေဝင်း (1911–2002) |
2 March 1974 | 9 November 1981 (Resigned) |
7 years, 252 days | Burma Socialist Programme Party | ||
| 5 | 
|
San Yu စန်းယု (1918–1996) |
9 November 1981 | 27 July 1988 (Resigned) |
6 years, 261 days | Burma Socialist Programme Party | ||
| 6 | 
|
Sein Lwin စိန်လွင် (1923–2004) |
27 July 1988 | 12 August 1988 (Resigned) |
16 days | Burma Socialist Programme Party | ||
| — |
|
Aye Ko အေးကို (1921–2006) |
12 August 1988 | 19 August 1988 | 7 days | Burma Socialist Programme Party | ||
| 7 |
|
Maung Maung မောင်မောင် (1925–1994) |
19 August 1988 | 18 September 1988 (Deposed in a coup) |
30 days | Burma Socialist Programme Party | [3] | |
Union of Burma / Myanmar (1988–2011) | ||||||||
| — |
|
Saw Maung စောမောင် (1928–1997) |
18 September 1988 | 23 April 1992 (Deposed)[a] |
3 years, 218 days | Military | [4][5][6] | |
| — | 
|
Than Shwe သန်းရွှေ (born 1933) |
23 April 1992 | 30 March 2011[b] | 18 years, 341 days | Military / Union Solidarity and Development Association |
||
Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2011–present) | ||||||||
| 8 | 
|
Thein Sein သိန်းစိန် (born 1944) |
30 March 2011 | 30 March 2016 | 5 years | Union Solidarity and Development Party | [7] | |
| 9 | 
|
Htin Kyaw ထင်ကျော် (born 1946) |
30 March 2016 | 21 March 2018 (Resigned) |
1 year, 356 days | National League for Democracy | [8] | |
| — |
|
Myint Swe မြင့်ဆွေ (1951–2025) |
21 March 2018 | 30 March 2018 | 9 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | ||
| 10 | 
|
Win Myint ဝင်းမြင့် (born 1951) |
30 March 2018 | 1 February 2021 (Deposed in a coup) |
2 years, 308 days | National League for Democracy | [9] | |
| — |
|
Myint Swe မြင့်ဆွေ (1951–2025) |
1 February 2021 | 22 July 2024[c] | 3 years, 172 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | [10] | |
| — | .jpg)
|
Min Aung Hlaing မင်းအောင်လှိုင် (born 1956) |
22 July 2024 | Incumbent | 1 year, 110 days | Military | [10] | |
Notes
- ↑ Resigned for health reasons, de facto deposed by rival generals.
- ↑ Handed over power to the civilian government after the 2010 general election.
- ↑ Took medical leave since 18 June 2024, and formally handed over power to Chairman of the State Administration Council on 22 July 2024.
References
- ↑ "NLD cuts salaries of MPS, ministers, saves nearly K6b". 25 February 2019. Archived from the original on 30 November 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
- ↑ "FACTBOX – Myanmar's new political structure". Reuters. 31 January 2011. http://in.reuters.com/article/2011/01/31/idINIndia-54526820110131?pageNumber=1. Retrieved 21 August 2011.
- ↑ "Burmese Military Officially Takes Reins Of Power". The New York Times. 19 September 1988. https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/19/world/burmese-military-officially-takes-reins-of-power.html.
- ↑ "Burmese Military Ousts Chief, Citing Illness". The New York Times. 24 April 1992. https://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/24/world/burmese-military-ousts-chief-citing-illness.html.
- ↑ "Saw Maung Is Dead at 68; Led a Brutal Burmese Coup". The New York Times. 27 July 1997. https://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/27/world/saw-maung-is-dead-at-68-led-a-brutal-burmese-coup.html.
- ↑ Wheeler, Ned (28 July 1997). "Obituary: General Saw Maung". The Independent (London). https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-general-saw-maung-1253020.html.
- ↑ "President sworn in, junta dissolved- DVB Multimedia Group". Dvb.no. 2011-03-30. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-11-15.
- ↑ "Myanmar Lawmakers Name Htin Kyaw President, Affirming Civilian Rule". The New York Times. 16 March 2016.
- ↑ "Myanmar elects Win Myint as new president" (in en). Deutsche Welle. 28 March 2018. http://www.dw.com/en/myanmar-elects-win-myint-as-new-president/a-43162327. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "The leader of Myanmar's army government is named acting president so he can renew state of emergency". Associated Press. 2024-07-22. Retrieved 2024-07-23.
