Spear
A spear is a weapon used in Antiquity and the Middle Ages. It is meant to primarily stab. Some spears can also slash. Some kinds of light weight spears were also meant to be thrown.
A lance is a special spear used from horseback. Knights often used it during medieval times. A pike is a very big spear for infantry to fight horsemen.
Examples
Arrowheads and spearheads as they were common in antiquity
Spear Media
Spear-armed hoplite from Greco-Persian Wars
Sumerian spearmen advancing in close formation with large shields – Stele of the Vultures, c. 2450 BC
Re-enactor outfitted as a Late Roman legionary carrying a pilum
Ukiyo-e print of a samurai general holding a yari in his right hand