William Henry Harrison
William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 – April 4, 1841) was the 9th president of the United States. His nickname was "Old Tippecanoe" and he was a well-respected war veteran. Harrison served the shortest term of any United States president. His term lasted for exactly one month.[1]
William Henry Harrison | |
|---|---|
 Official portrait, 1840 | |
| 9th President of the United States | |
| In office March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841 | |
| Vice President | John Tyler |
| Preceded by | Martin Van Buren |
| Succeeded by | John Tyler |
| United States Minister to Colombia | |
| In office February 5, 1829 – September 26, 1829 | |
| Nominated by | John Quincy Adams |
| Preceded by | Beaufort Watts |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Moore |
| United States Senator from Ohio | |
| In office March 4, 1825 – May 20, 1828 | |
| Preceded by | Ethan Brown |
| Succeeded by | Jacob Burnet |
| |
| In office October 8, 1816 – March 3, 1819 | |
| Preceded by | John McLean |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Ross |
| Governor of the Indiana Territory | |
| In office January 10, 1801 – December 28, 1812 | |
| Appointed by | John Adams |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Thomas Posey |
| |
| In office March 4, 1799 – May 14, 1800 | |
| Preceded by | Constituency established |
| Succeeded by | Paul Fearing |
| Secretary of the Northwest Territory | |
| In office June 28, 1798 – October 1, 1799 | |
| Governor | |
| Preceded by | Winthrop Sargent |
| Succeeded by | Charles Byrd |
| Personal details | |
| Born | February 9, 1773 Charles City County, Virginia |
| Died | April 4, 1841 (aged 68) Washington D.C. |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Whig party |
| Spouse(s) | Anna Symmes Harrison |
He was elected president in 1840, and took the oath of office on March 4, 1841. His inauguration speech lasted an hour and forty minutes. William Henry Harrison caught a serious case of pneumonia, and on April 4 that same year he died. He was the first president to die in office.[2] Harrison was the oldest president to take office at 68 years, 23 days, until it was outdone in 1981 by Ronald Reagan who assumed the presidency at the age of 69. He was the last president to be born before the United States Declaration of Independence.
His grandson was the 23rd president of the United States, Benjamin Harrison.
Early life
Harrison was born on February 9, 1773. He is the youngest of Benjamin Harrison V and Elizabeth Bassett's seven children. They lived in Berkeley Plantation at Charles City County, Virginia. He was the last president to be born as a British citizen before the American Independence. His father was a planter and a delegate to the Continental Congress (1774–1777) who signed the Declaration of Independence. He was Governor of Virginia between 1781 and 1784.[3] His older brother Carter Bassett Harrison was elected a representative of Virginia in the United States House of Representatives.
In 1787, he attended the Presbyterian Hampden-Sydney College. He attended the school until 1790. Harrison was fluent in Latin and French.
Marriage and family
In 1795, he met Anna Symmes. They had 10 children.
As President
He took the oath of office on March 4, 1841 which was a cold and wet day. His inaugural address was the longest in American history.
Harrison's inaugural address was a detailed statement of the Whig agenda, mainly unclaimed honest of Jackson's and Van Buren's policies.
Harrison promised to reestablish the Bank of the United States and extend its maximum amount for credit by issuing paper currency (see Henry Clay).
Harrison is also regarded as the President with the shortest term in office, serving 30 days, 12 hours, and 30 minutes.
Illness and death
On March 26, 1841, Harrison became ill with a cold. His illness was believed to have been caused by the bad weather in the inauguration.[4]
The cold was worsened, quickly turning to pneumonia and pleurisy.[4] He tried to rest in the White House, but could not find a quiet room because of the crowd of office seekers. His very busy social schedule made it harder for time to rest.
Harrison's doctors tried cures of applying opium, castor oil, leeches, and Virginia snakeweed. But the treatments only made Harrison worse, and he became restless.
Harrison died on his 32nd day as president on April 4, 1841 at 12:30 am of pneumonia, jaundice, and septicima. He was the first president of the United States to die in office.
Harrison's funeral took place in Wesley Chapel in Cincinnati, Ohio on April 7, 1841.[5] His original interment was in Congressional Cemetery in Washington, D.C.. He was later buried in North Bend, Ohio.
William Henry Harrison Media
1915 depiction of Tecumseh, believed to be copying an 1808 sketch
This portrait of Harrison originally showed him in civilian clothes as a congressional delegate in 1800; the uniform was added after service in the War of 1812.
Electoral college map for the 1840 United States presidential election.
Painting by Albert Gallatin Hoit, 1840
The William Henry Harrison Memorial in North Bend, Ohio
Harrison (on left) at Tippecanoe County Courthouse, Lafayette, Indiana
Equestrian statue of Harrison in Cincinnati, by Louis Rebisso
References
- ↑ William Henry Harrison at White House.gov
- ↑ Watson, Robert P.; Gordon, Ann (2003). Anticipating Madam President. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-58826-113-7. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
- ↑ Owens 2007, p. 3.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cleaves 1939, p. 152.
- ↑ "Presidential Funerals". Archived from the original on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-04-03.
Other websites
- William Henry Harrison's White House biography Archived 2008-06-14 at the Wayback Machine