Blackpool tramway
The Blackpool tramway is a tramway that runs from Blackpool to Fleetwood, on the Fylde Coast in Lancashire, England. The tramway was built in 1885. It is one of the oldest electric tramways in the world and is the only one of the earliest tramways that is still in operation in the United Kingdom.
 Double-deck Balloon trams 700 (green) and 720 (black) at Bispham | |
| Operation | |
|---|---|
| Locale | Blackpool, England |
| Open | 1885 |
| Status | Open |
| Lines | 1 |
| Routes |
|
| Owner(s) | Blackpool Council |
| Operator(s) | Blackpool Transport |
| Infrastructure | |
| Track gauge | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Track gauge/data' not found. |
| Electrification | 600V Overhead lines |
| Stock | |
| Statistics | |
| Route length | 11 mi (17.7 km) |
| Stops | 38[2] |
| Passengers (2016/2017) | 5.1 million [1] 3.9% |
| Website | [www www |
The tramway is owned by Blackpool Borough Council and is run by Blackpool Transport as part of the Metro Coastlines network. The tramway runs for 11 miles (17.7 km), and over 6,500,000 people travel on it each year.[5]
History
The first part of Blackpool tramway opened on 29 September 1885. It was a conduit line. It ran from Cocker Street to Dean Street on the Blackpool Promenade.[6] This was one of the first practical electric tramways built in the world. It opened six years after Werner von Siemens first showed electric traction. At the opening was Holroyd Smith, the person who created the system, and Alderman Harwood, the Mayor of Manchester, along with many other people.
The Blackpool Electric Tramway Company ran the line until 1892. At this point, the lease on the line finished, and Blackpool Corporation then ran the line. In 1895 another line was added. It ran from Manchester Square along Lytham Road to South Shore. In 1897 the tracks were extended to South Pier. A line was also built on Station Road that connected Lytham Road to the promenade.[6]
The conduit system was changed to overhead wires in 1899. In 1900 the line was built more to the north to Gynn Square. It linked up the Blackpool & Fleetwood Tramroad there. The Marton loop opened in 1901. It connected Talbot Square and Central Station along Church Street, Devonshire Square, Whitegate Drive, Waterloo Road and Central Drive. At Whitegate Drive in Marton a new depot was built. Another line was added from Talbot Square along Talbot Road to Layton on 1902. The promenade line had got as far as the Pleasure Beach by 1903.[6]
The Blackpool Corporation took over the Blackpool & Fleetwood Tramroad Company in 1920. The Corporation got eight miles of track and three depots from the take-over. Two depots were in Fleetwood and one was in Bispham. The small Bold Street Depot in Fleetwood was closed and a new loop was built at Fleetwood Ferry.[6]
The depot at Blundell Street was replaced by a bigger one on Rigby Road in 1920. In 1925 the line to Fleetwood was made more direct between Rossall and Broadwater. The last extension was built in 1926. It went along the promenade to Clifton Drive at Starr Gate. A connection was made there with the Lytham St Annes tracks.[6]
The first route closure took place in 1936. They were the Central Drive and Layton routes. In 1961 Lytham Road closed, and Marton closed one year later. The tramroad line on Dickson Road to North Station closed in 1963. Marton and Copse Road Depots closed in the same year. The depot at Bispham closed in 1966. All that was left was the track running from Starr Gate to Fleetwood. It is still there today. The running of the buses and tramway was handed over to Blackpool Transport Services Limited in 1986 by Blackpool Borough Council.[6]
Network
Today the tramway runs from Starr Gate in Blackpool to the Ferry Terminus in Fleetwood. Most of the route runs along the Fylde Coast sea front. At Cleveleys the line turns inland for a few miles. It then returns to the coast in Fleetwood. There are four different types of track:
- Street running, which is open to all traffic. This can be found along Lord Street and North Albert Street in Fleetwood and there is also a short amount on the Promenade in Blackpool behind the Metropole Hotel.
- Paved reserved track alongside a road which is open to pedestrians but not toroad traffic. This is along most of the route between Starr Gate and Gynn Square.
- Reserved ballasted track that is open to trams only. This can be seen from Gynn Square to Rossall, and along Radcliffe Road in Fleetwood.
- The interurban style alignment which does not follow a road and is open to trams only can be found from Rossall to Radcliffe Road, Fleetwood.
On the line there are four turning loops. One is at Starr Gate, another is opposite the Pleasure Beach and two more are at Little Bispham and Fleetwood. There is also one that links into Rigby Road Depot.[7]
Blackpool tramway today
Blackpool runs a mix of double-deck and single-deck cars, though there are more single-deck trams in the fleet. The double-deck trams are used the most in the tourist season. The single-deck trams are not used as much at that time. They are sometimes used though when it is busy to let the system carry more passengers. Blackpool was the only town in the UK that kept its trams. Between 1962 and 1992 Blackpool was the only town with a tramway in the UK that was not a preserved system. The last English city to lose its trams was Sheffield in 1960. The last in the UK was Glasgow in 1962. Trams have been returning to the towns and cities in Britain since the Manchester Metrolink opened in Manchester in 1992.
There are lots of different trams in the fleet at Blackpool. Most of them were built in the 1930s and are still in service in an unchanged condition. Some others have had their bodywork changed. Sometime historic trams are borrowed from the National Tramway Museum in Crich and other museums for public service.[8]
The trams from Starr Gate in the south to Fleetwood in the north. At busy periods such as the Blackpool Illuminations or on bank holidays services start or finish short at Cleveleys, Bispham or the Pleasure Beach. This means that more trams can run through the centre of Blackpool in a small period. When the Illuminations are on specially decorated trams carry passengers along the promenade and the illuminated area. The area runs from Starr Gate to Bispham. Until the opening of the Metrolink, Fleetwood was the only town in England that kept trams running down the main street.[6]
In November 2007 the whole tramway closed for the first time. It was closed for five months for the second part of an £11,800,000 upgrade.[9] Blackpool Transport Services and Blackpool Council currently have a joint bid awaiting Government approval. It could give up to £77,000,000 for a total upgrade of the trams and tracks.[10] In January 2007 the City Class 611 prototype "supertram" was being tested on the tramway. It caught fire as it approached Central Pier. This caused lots of damage. The driver managed to get out of the cab. The tram was built by Mersyside-based Tram Power. It was being tested as part of a bid to replace the current trams.[11] The same tram had already derailed on 30 May 2006 at Starr Gate loop in trials then. A Rail Accident Investigation Board report said that the derailmet was because of wear and tear on the track. They said another factor was the new type of running gear on the two-car prototype.[9]
The company paid £150,000 to rebuild the tramcar. It cannot be re-tested until November 2008 at the earliest though. This is because testing is not allowed during the busy summer months and also because of the earlier closure of the tracks for repairs. [12]
A £1 billion bid for a Government grant was made in 2002 by Blackpool Council and Lancashire County Council after the Government made a pledge to build 25 new tram networks by 2010. They want to expand the tram network to include St Annes to the south and new housing estates in Fleetwood to the north. There is a possible further phase to include links to Poulton-le-Fylde and Thornton. In 2004 campaigners behind the bid expressed disappointment that nothing had been done to take the plans forward in two years. By November 2007 there was no further development.[5]
Blackpool Tramway Media
Current and historical Blackpool tramway network (interactive map)Legend: — Existing routes — Routes dismantled in 1960s
Blackpool Tramway routeStarr Gate – Fleetwood Ferry (interactive map) 
Blackpool Transport 012 (9126087800)
BLACKPOOL TRANSPORT BALLOON TRAM NEW LIVERY FLETTWOOD FERRY JULY 2012 (7581542642)
Bombardier Flexity 2, built in 2012. Blackpool Transport car No. 015 at Fisherman's Walk, Fleetwood
Rigby Road Depot, built in 1935
Starr Gate Depot, built in 2011
Corporation Tramways building, Blackpool
The first tram tracks are installed on Talbot Road, July 2018.
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References
- ↑ "Light Rail and Tram Statistics: England 2016/17" (PDF). Department for Transport. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
- ↑ "Blackpool Tramway – Destinations". Blackpool Tramway. Archived from the original on 2013-09-29. Retrieved 2013-03-09.
- ↑ "Tram Fleetwood to Starr Gate". www.blackpooltransport.com. Retrieved 2018-03-11.
- ↑ "Timetables & Fares". www.blackpoolheritage.com. Retrieved 2018-03-11.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Anger over tram network". Fleetwood Weekly News. 26 March 2004. Archived from the original on 2008-04-01. Retrieved 2007-11-03.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 "Blackpool Trams". Fylde Tramway Society. 3 September 2004. Archived from the original on 19 October 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-03.
- ↑ "Blackpool tram route: Starr Gate–Fleetwood". thetrams.co.uk. Retrieved 2007-11-03.
- ↑ "Blackpool Tramway". eBlackpool. 29 January 2009. Retrieved 2009-01-29.[dead link]
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Parkinson, Shelagh; Harris, Emma (30 May 2007). "Track blamed for tram drama". Blackpool Gazette. Archived from the original on 2013-04-20. Retrieved 2007-11-03.
- ↑ Hyde, Nick (1 November 2007). "End of line for Blackpool's trams". Blackpool Gazette. Retrieved 2007-11-03.[dead link]
- ↑ Butler, Heather; Harris, Emma (25 January 2007). "Not so supertram". Blackpool Gazette. Archived from the original on 2013-04-19. Retrieved 2007-11-03.
- ↑ Parkinson, Shelagh (2 June 2007). "Tram back on track". Blackpool Gazette. Retrieved 2007-11-03.[dead link]
Further reading
- Abel, P.H.; McLoughlin, I (October 1997). Blackpool Trams: The First Half Century 1885-1932. The Oakwood Press. ISBN 0853615039.
- Higgs, Philip (April 1984). Blackpool's Trams: As Popular as the Tower. Lancastrian Transport Publications. ISBN 095094050X.
- Johnson, Peter (July 1986). Trams in Blackpool. AB Publishing. ISBN 1869915003.
- Joyce, James (April 1985). Blackpool's Trams. Ian Allan Lt. ISBN 0711014752.
- McLoughlin, Barry (24 July 2006). Blackpool Trams and Recollections: No. 6. Silver Link Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1857942809.
- Palmer, P. (August 1988). Blackpool and Fleetwood by Tram. Platform 5 Publishing Ltd. ISBN 090657983X.
- Palmer, Steve (25 July 1996). The Heyday of Blackpool's Trams. Ian Allan Ltd. ISBN 0711024596.
- Palmer, Steve (15 October 2007). Blackpool's Trams Past and Present. Venture Publications Ltd. ISBN 978-1905304226.
Other websites
- Metro Coastlines Archived 2012-06-09 at the Wayback Machine
- Blackpool Tramway Photos
- Blackpool Trams website by the Lancastrian Transport Trust Archived 2012-02-18 at the Wayback Machine
- Fylde Tramway Society Archived 2010-09-15 at the Wayback Machine
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