Cerebrovascular disease

Cerebrovascular disease
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	I60.-I69.

Cerebrovascular disease, stroke or cerebrovascular accident, is a vascular disease of the cerebral circulation. Arteries supplying oxygen to the brain are affected which results in one of a number of cerebrovascular diseases. Commonest is a stroke or mini-stroke or sometimes hemorrhagic stroke. Any of these can result in vascular dementia.

Causes

Causes of cerebrovascular disease can be divided into: atherosclerosis, embolism, aneurysms, low flow states, and other, rare, causes. Major modifiable risk factors include:

• hypertension
• smoking
• obesity
• diabetes.

Treatment

Treatment for cerebrovascular disease includes medication, lifestyle changes and surgery.

Examples of these medications are:

• Antiplatelets (Aspirin, Clopidogrel)
• Blood thinners (Heparin, Warfarin )
• Antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors, Beta blockers)
• Anti-diabetic medications

Surgical procedures include:

• Endovascular surgery and Vascular surgery (for future stroke prevention)

Notable cases

• Walter Cronkite, American news journalist. Died in 2010.
• Roberts Blossom, American actor and poet. Died in 2011.
• Shirley Hufstedler, American judge, first United States Secretary of Education. Died in 2016.

Cerebrovascular Disease Media

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  Shows six types of brain herniation: * Supratentorial herniation * Uncal * Central (transtentorial) * Cingulate (subfalcine) * Transcalvarial * Infratentorial herniation * Upward (upward cerebellar or upward transtentorial) * Tonsillar (downward cerebellar)*

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  Illustration of a cerebral aneurysm, demonstrating the bulge in an artery in the brain

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  MRI demonstrating white matter changes in the brain of patients with CADASIL

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  CT-scan of the brain with an MCA infarct.