Cerebrovascular disease
Cerebrovascular disease, stroke or cerebrovascular accident,[1] is a vascular disease of the cerebral circulation. Arteries supplying oxygen to the brain are affected resulting in one of a number of cerebrovascular diseases. Most commonly this is a stroke or mini-stroke and sometimes can be a hemorrhagic stroke. Any of these can result in vascular dementia.[2]
| Cerebrovascular disease | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | I60.-I69. |
Causes
Causes of cerebrovascular disease can be divided into: atherosclerosis, embolism, aneurysms, low flow states, and other rare causes.[3] Major modifiable risk factors include:[4]
Treatment
Treatment for cerebrovascular disease includes medication, lifestyle changes and surgery.[5]
Examples of medications are:
- Antiplatelets (Aspirin, Clopidogrel)
- Blood thinners (Heparin, Warfarin )
- Antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors, Beta blockers)
- Anti-diabetic medications
Surgical procedures include:
- Endovascular surgery and Vascular surgery (for future stroke prevention)
Notable cases
- Walter Cronkite, American news journalist. Died in 2010.
- Roberts Blossom, American actor and poet. Died in 2011.
- Shirley Hufstedler, American judge, first United States Secretary of Education. Died in 2016.
Cerebrovascular Disease Media
Shows six types of brain herniation: * Supratentorial herniation * Uncal * Central (transtentorial) * Cingulate (subfalcine) * Transcalvarial * Infratentorial herniation * Upward (upward cerebellar or upward transtentorial) * Tonsillar (downward cerebellar)*
Illustration of a cerebral aneurysm, demonstrating the bulge in an artery in the brain
Disability-adjusted life year for cerebrovascular disease per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004.* less than 250* 250–425* 425–600* 600–775* 775–950* 950–1125* 1125–1300* 1300–1475* 1475–1650* 1650–1825* 1825–2000* more than 2000*
MRI demonstrating white matter changes in the brain of patients with CADASIL
CT-scan of the brain with an MCA infarct.
References
- ↑ "WHO | Stroke, Cerebrovascular accident". www.who.int. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
- ↑ "Vascular dementia - Causes - NHS Choices". www.nhs.uk. Retrieved 2015-09-01.
- ↑ Corporation, Surgisphere. Clinical Review of Surgery | ABSITE Review. Lulu.com. p. 146. ISBN 9780980210347.
- ↑ "Cerebrovascular disease - NHS Choices - Risks and prevention". www.nhs.uk. Retrieved 2015-09-01.
- ↑ "Stroke: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-09-01.
