Chinese paddlefish

Chinese paddlefish
	File:A specimen of Psephurus gladius, Museum of Hydrobiological Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Hydrobiology (4).jpg
	Preserved specimens at Museum of Hydrobiological Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Wuhan, China
Conservation status
	; Extinct (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Unrecognized taxon (fix):	Polyodontidae
Genus:	Psephurus; Günther, 1873
Species:	†P. gladius
Binomial name
	Psephurus gladius; (von Martens, 1862)
Synonyms
	Polyodon gladius von Martens, 1862; Spatularia (Polyodon) angustifolium Kaup, 1862; Polyodon angustifolium (Kaup, 1862);

The Chinese paddlefish (Psephurus gladius) (simplified Chinese: 白鲟code: zh is deprecated ; traditional Chinese: 白鱘code: zh is deprecated ; pinyin: báixún), also known as Chinese swordfish, is an extinct species of fish that was found in Yangtze and Yellow River basins in China. They had an average length of 3 m (9.8 ft),^[4] making it one of the largest species of primarily freshwater fishes.

The Chinese paddlefish was officially declared extinct in July 2022, with an estimated time of extinction to be by 2005–2010, although it had become functionally extinct by 1993.^[5] The main cause of its extinction was the construction of the Gezhouba and Three Gorges dams.^[6]

Chinese Paddlefish Media

A specimen at Museum of Hydrobiological Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Hydrobiology
Paddlefish size comparison.svg

Size of the 2003 female specimen, (red, top), compared to the American and fossil paddlefish
Psephurus gladius.jpg

Scientific drawing of Psephurus gladius from 1868 (resource: Nouvelles Archives du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle)
Protopsephurus.png

A reconstruction of Protopsephurus and Lycoptera.
Psephurus gladius.jpg

Psephurus gladius
Crossopholis.png

Reconstruction of Crossopholis illustrated by Matthew Summerville.
Polyodon spathula
A specimen of Psephurus gladius, Museum of Hydrobiological Sciences, Wuhan Institute of Hydrobiology (1)
ChinesePaddlefishZhengZhong.jpg

Depiction in the 17th-century work Searching the Mountains for Demons by Zheng Zhong

References

↑ Qiwei, W. (2022). "Psephurus gladius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2022: e.T18428A146104283. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T18428A146104283.en. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
↑ Froese, R.; Pauly, D. (2017). "Polydontidae". FishBase version (02/2017). Archived from the original on 24 August 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
↑ "Polydontidae" (PDF). Deeplyfish- fishes of the world. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 August 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
↑ Yirka, Bob (2020-01-08). "Chinese paddlefish declared extinct". Phys.org. Retrieved 2020-01-09.
↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).
↑ "The Chinese paddlefish was reevaluated to be extinct". IUCN. 3 February 2016. Archived from the original on 2020-08-23.

[iucn-1] Qiwei, W. (2022). "Psephurus gladius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2022: e.T18428A146104283. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T18428A146104283.en. Retrieved 21 July 2022.

[2] Froese, R.; Pauly, D. (2017). "Polydontidae". FishBase version (02/2017). Archived from the original on 24 August 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.

[3] "Polydontidae" (PDF). Deeplyfish- fishes of the world. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 August 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.

[Yirka_2020-4] Yirka, Bob (2020-01-08). "Chinese paddlefish declared extinct". Phys.org. Retrieved 2020-01-09.

[Zhang_Jari.C4.87_Roberts_He_2020_p.3D136242-5] Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).

[6] "The Chinese paddlefish was reevaluated to be extinct". IUCN. 3 February 2016. Archived from the original on 2020-08-23.

[4]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[5]

[6]