Great spotted woodpecker
The great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) is a medium-sized woodpecker with black and white plumage and a red patch on the lower belly. Males and young birds also have red markings on the neck or head.
| Great spotted woodpecker | |
|---|---|
| |
| Adult male Dendrocopos major pinetorum | |
| Conservation status | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Picidae |
| Genus: | Dendrocopos |
| Species: | D. major
|
| Binomial name | |
| Dendrocopos major | |
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Picus major Linnaeus, 1758 | |
This species is found across Eurasia and parts of North Africa. It is usually resident, but in the north some migrate if the conifer cone crop fails.
Some individuals have recolonised Ireland and some have got to North America. Great spotted woodpeckers chisel into trees to find food or excavate nest holes, and also drum for contact and territorial advertisement. They have anatomical adaptations to manage the physical stresses from the hammering.
The bird occurs in all types of woodlands and eats a wide range of food. It gets seeds out of pine cones, insect larvae from inside trees, and chicks of other birds from their nests. It breeds in holes excavated in living or dead trees, unlined apart from wood chips. When the young fledge they are fed by the adults for about ten days.
Great Spotted Woodpecker Media
Female Dendrocopos major major
Juvenile male D. m. major in Maidenhead, Berkshire, England. Juveniles can be distinguished from adults by their red crown, which is more pronounced in males.
A male great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) sits in an oak tree in the Freiburg (Germany) forest and drums twice. The drumming is well audible and visible in the video.
Large trees provide habitat for excavating feeding holes.
Skull showing tongue and supporting structures.
A female Great Spotted Woodpecker feeding a chick in London, England.
Dendrocopos major MHNT 232
Male and female feeding young
References
- ↑ "Dendrocopos major". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
_-_Ystad-2023.jpg)