Ford Motor Company

"Ford" redirects here. For other uses, see Ford (disambiguation).

The Ford Motor Company (FMC; often known as Ford) is an American multinational automaker, founded on June 16, 1903 by Henry Ford. Ford, which owns the luxury vehicle manufacturer Lincoln, was the second-largest automaker, after General Motors, 1931 to 2004. Formerly, Ford also owned the following brands:

• Mercury (1939–January 2011; discontinued)
• Aston Martin (1987–March 2007)
• Mazda (owned a 33.4 % controlling-stake in Mazda 1996 to November 2008)
• Jaguar (1989–June 2, 2008; sold to Tata Motors)
• Land Rover (May 2000–June 2, 2008; sold to Tata Motors)
• Volvo (1999–2010; sold to Geely)
• Ford Transit (1978 circa - 1988; sold at Greco Franco)

Ford Motor Company

The Ford World Headquarters in Dearborn, Michigan, also known as the Glass House
Type	Public company
Traded as	NYSE: F S&P 100 Component S&P 500 Component
Industry	Automotive
Founded	June 16, 1903 (1903-06-16)
Founder	Henry Ford
Headquarters	Dearborn, Michigan , U.S.
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	William Clay Ford Jr. (Executive Chairman) Jim Farley (President & CEO)
Products	Automobiles Luxury vehicles Commercial Vehicles Automotive parts Pickup trucks SUVs
Production output	6.0 million vehicles (2018)
Services	Automotive financing and insurance Vehicle leasing Vehicle service
Revenue	US$160.33 billion (2018)
Operating income	US$3.27 billion (2018)
Net income	US$3.67 billion (2018)
Total assets	US$256.54 billion (2018)
Total equity	US$35.93 billion (2018)
Owners	Ford family (2% equity; 40% voting power)
Number of employees	199,000 (December 2018)
Divisions	Ford Lincoln Motorcraft
Subsidiaries	List Transportation Ford Australia Ford Performance Vehicles (Until 2014) Ford do Brasil Troller Ford of Europe Ford of Britain Ford Germany Ford Romania Ford Performance Ford Team RS Special Vehicle Team Ford Lio Ho (70%) AutoAlliance Thailand (50%) Blue Diamond Trucks (50%) Ford Sollers (50%) Otosan (41%) Changan Ford (35%) Jiangling Motors (32%) Finance Ford Credit Other Automotive Components Holdings Getrag (50%) International Ford of Argentina Ford of Canada Ford of India Ford of Japan Ford of Korea Ford of New Zealand Ford of China Ford of Philippines Ford of Taiwan
Website	ford.com

History

In 1896, Henry Ford had an idea to make a Quadricycle, the first "horseless carriage" he built. This four-wheeled vehicle was very different from cars we drive now. It was very different even from vehicles Ford produced just a few years later. Even so, this was the start of Ford's career as a businessman. Until the Quadricycle, Ford's work had been experimental and theoretical. For example, in the 1890s, Ford built a gas engine on his kitchen table — just an engine with nothing to power. Enough people liked the Quadricycle, and much could be done with the it, so it led to the beginning of Ford's business.

Ford Motor Company started on June 16, 1903, when Henry Ford and 11 business helpers signed papers to form the company. Their first Ford production car, the Model A, was sold in Detroit, Michigan a few months later. (This Model A should not be confused with their more famous Model A, which came out in 1927). With $280,000 (around 165 000 pounds), the early businessmen made what was to become one of the world's largest companies. Few companies changed the history and development of industry and society in the 20th century as much as Ford Motor Company.

Mass production on the line

Ford Motor Company's most important contribution to automotive manufacturing was the (moving) assembly line. First implemented at the Highland Park plant (in Michigan, US) in 1913, this new method let each workers to stay in one place, to do the same job repeatedly as the vehicles went by on the assembly line. The line proved to be very efficient; it helped the company make more cars, and make them cheaper than other car companies could do at the time. Before using the assembly line, Ford made 12,000 Model T's in a year. With the assembly line, Ford could make 12,000 Model T's in just two days. Ford had discovered how to make more cars that more people could afford to buy. He even paid his workers higher salaries than other car companies and still made money.

Early growth

Henry Ford insisted that the company's future lay in the production of affordable cars for a mass market. In 1903, the company began using the first 19 letters of the alphabet to name new cars. In 1908, the Model T was born, and it was sold for 19 years. By selling 15 million Model T's, Ford Motor Company became a giant company which spanned the globe. They built plants in the Soviet Union, Japan and other places. Ford started making farm tractors, trucks and school buses. In 1925, Ford Motor Company bought the Lincoln Motor Company. It uses that name to build luxury cars. In the 1930s, the name "Mercury" was given to its mid-priced cars. Ford Motor Company was growing.

Former production vehicles

1900–1929 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars Model A USA 1903-1904 Model B USA 1904–1906 Model C USA 1904–1905 Model F USA 1905–1906 Model K USA 1906–1908 Model N / R / S USA 1906–1909 Model T USA 1908–1927 Model A (1927) USA 1927–1931 Trucks Model TT USA 1925–1927 Model AA USA 1927–1931

1930–1939 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars Model B / BB / 18 / 40 USA 1932–1934 Model Y UK 1932–1937 Köln GER 1932–1935 Rheinland GER 1933–1936 Model 48 USA 1935–1936 Model C Ten UK 1935–1937 Eifel GER 1935–1939 Ford CX UK 1935–1937, UK 1937 USA 1937–1940 7W UK 1937–1938, UK 7Y UK 1938–1939, UK Prefect UK 1938–1961 Anglia UK 1939–1967 Taunus GER 1939–1994 Trucks Fordson E83W UK 1938–1957

1940–1949 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars 1941 USA 1941–1942 1946–1948 Vedette FRA 1948–1954 Pilot UK 1947–1951 1949 USA 1949–1951 Custom USA 1949–1981 Notes

1950–1959 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars 1952 USA 1952–1954 1955 USA 1955–1956 1957 USA 1957–1959 Consul UK 1951–1962 1972–1975 Country Sedan USA 1952–1974 Country Squire USA 1950–1991 Courier USA 1952–2013 Crestline USA 1950–1951 Del Rio USA 1957–1958 Escort (100E) UK 1955–1961 Fairlane USA 1955–1970 Galaxie USA 1959–1974 Mainline USA 1952–1956 Parklane USA 1956 Popular UK 1953–1962 Ranchero USA 1957–1979 Squire UK 1955–1959 Thunderbird USA 1955–1997 2002–2005 Versailles FRA 1954–1957 Zephyr UK 1950–1971 Trucks C Series USA 1957–1990 100px FK GER 1951–1961 100px Notes

1960–1969 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars 1960 USA 1960–1964 100px Falcon USA 1960–1970 100px Falcon AUS 1960–2016 File:1974 Ford Fairmont (XB) (38692827404).jpg E-Series / Econoline USA 1961–2014 100px Cortina UK 1962–1982 File:Ford Cortina Mark I reg Aug 1963 pre first facelift.JPG Fairlane Thunderbolt USA 1964 100px GT40 USA 1964–1969 100px Corsair UK 1964–1970 100px LTD USA 1965–1986 100px Fairmont AUS 1965-2008 100px P7 GER 1967-1972 File:Ford 17M aka P7b 2 door saloon at rest Schaffen-Diest Fly-drive 2013.JPG Fairlane AUS 1967–2007 100px Torino USA 1968–1976 File:1970 ford torino cobra sportsroof chiolero.jpg Capri (coupe) EU 1968–1986 100px Corcel Template:Country data BR 1968–1986 100px Escort EU 1968–2000 100px Trucks N-Series USA 1962–1969 100px D-Series UK 1965-1981 File:Ford N Koffer-Sattelschlepper.jpg W-Series USA 1966–1977 100px Notes

1970–1979 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars Maverick USA 1970–1979 100px Pinto USA 1971–1980 100px P100 ZAF 1971–1993 100px Granada GER 1972–1994 100px Landau BRA 1971–1983 100px Landau AUS 1973–1976 100px Elite USA 1974–1976 100px Granada USA 1975–1982 100px Fiesta EU 1976–2023 100px Fairmont USA 1978–1983 100px Durango USA 1979–1982 100px Vans Econovan / Spectron JPN 1977–1999 100px Trucks L-Series USA 1970–1998 File:1989 Ford LN8000 Diesel dump truck, red.jpg Transcontinental EU 1975-1984 100px CL-Series USA 1978-1991 100px Notes

1980–1989 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars Capri AUS 1989–1994 File:1989 Ford Capri (SA) Turbo convertible (21263643993) (cropped).jpg Del Rey BRA 1981–1991 100px Escort USA 1981–2003 100px EXP USA 1982–1988 File:1982 Ford EXP front.jpg Festiva JPN 1988–1992 100px Laser JPN 1980–2003 100px LTD Crown Victoria USA 1980–1991 100px Orion EU 1983–1993 100px Probe USA 1989–1997 100px RS200 EU 1984–1986 100px Scorpio GER 1985–1999 100px Sierra GER 1982–1992 File:Ford Sierra 2.8i XR 4x4 (34348402172).jpg Telstar JPN 1983–1999 100px Taurus USA 1985–2019 100px Tempo USA 1984–1994 File:1984-1985 Ford Tempo sedan -- 03-09-2011.jpg Verona BRA 1989–2000 100px SUVs Maverick JPN 1988–1994 100px Bronco II USA 1984–1990 File:89-90 Ford Bronco II.jpg Vans Aerostar USA 1986–1997 100px Trucks Cargo USA 1982–2019 180px N-Series JPN 1982–1997 File:Waste collection truck(Hino Ranger) left front view at JASDF Miho Air Base May 27, 2018.jpg Bantam ZAF 1983–2011 100px Pronto TWN 1985–2007 100px Notes

1990–1999 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars Aspire USA 1993–1997 File:94-96 Ford Aspire.jpg Contour USA 1995–2000 100px Cougar EU 1999–2002 100px Crown Victoria USA 1992–2011 100px Ka EU 1996–2021 100px Puma (coupe) EU 1997–2002 100px Ikon IND 1999–2015 100px Focus USA 1998–2020 100px SUVs Raider JPN 1991-1997 Maverick JPN 1993–1999 100px Explorer USA 1994–2003 100px Vans / minivans Freda JPN 1995 100px Galaxy EU 1995–2023 100px Windstar USA 1995–2003 100px Notes

2000–2009 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars Activa JPN 2003 100px GT US 2004–2022 File:Ford GT 8.jpg Five Hundred USA 2005–2007 100px Fusion USA 2006–2020 100px SUVs Excursion USA 2000–2005 File:2000-04 Ford Excursion.jpg Escape USA 2001–2008 100px EcoSport IND BRA 2003–2022 100px Territory AUS 2004–2016 File:2006 Ford Territory (SY) TX RWD wagon (2015-07-09) 01.jpg Freestyle USA 2005–2007 100px Taurus X USA 2008–2009 100px Flex USA 2009–2019 100px Minivans Fusion EU 2002–2012 100px i-Max JPN 2007–2011 100px C-Max EU 2003–2019 100px Freestar USA 2003–2007 100px S-Max EU 2006–2023 File:Ford S-Max (2nd generation) FL IMG 5344.jpg Trucks / pickups Explorer Sport Trac USA 2001–2010 100px LCF USA 2006–2009 100px Notes

2010–2019 Name Orig. Produced Image Cars Escort China 2015–2023 File:Ford Escort 2021MY facelift IMG001 (cropped).jpg Focus Electric USA 2012–2019 100px Figo IND 2010–2021 100px Taurus China 2015–2022 File:Ford Taurus VII facelift 004.jpg Minivans B-Max EU 2012–2017 100px Grand C-Max EU 2010–2019 100px C-Max USA 2013–2019 100px Notes

Current production vehicles

Body style	Model			Current generation			Vehicle description
	Image	Name(s)	Introduction (cal. year)	Introduction (cal. year)	Facelift	Main markets
Hatchback	180px	Focus	1998	2018	2021	Europe	C-segment / small family compact hatchback predominantly sold in Europe. Expected to be discontinued in 2025.
Sedan	180px	Mondeo/ Taurus	1992	2022	—	China and Middle East	D-segment/Large family/mid-size sedan and liftback currently marketed in China. Marketed as the Taurus in the Middle East.
Station wagon	File:Ford Focus Turnier Mk IV Facelift 1X7A0305.jpg	Focus	1998	2018	2021	Europe	Station wagon version of the Focus.
Sports car	180px	Mustang	1964	2022	–	Global	Long-running pony/muscle car. Available in coupé and convertible body styles.
SUV/ crossover	180px	Bronco	1965	2020	—	Americas, Europe and Middle East	Off-road oriented mid-size body-on-frame SUV. Available in three-door and five-door configurations.
	File:Ford Bronco Sport Badlands 1X7A6296.jpg	Bronco Sport	2020	2020	—	Americas and Middle East	Retro-styled compact crossover SUV using the Bronco nameplate.
	180px	Capri EV	2024	2024	—	Europe	Battery electric C-segment/compact crossover for the European market, based on the Volkswagen Group MEB platform.
	180px	Edge	2006	2023	—	China	D-segment/Mid-size crossover marketed in China and manufactured by Changan Ford.
	180x180px	Equator	2021	2021	2024	China	Three-row mid-size crossover marketed in China and manufactured by JMC-Ford.
	180x180px	Escape	2000	2019	2022	Americas, Europe, Australasia	C-segment/compact crossover SUV marketed globally. Escape (global nameplate) and Kuga (Europe) was a separate model up to 2012 when the model was merged. Hybrid and plug-in hybrid powertrains are optional.
	180px	Kuga	2008
	180px	Everest	2003	2022	—	Asia-Pacific, Africa and Middle East	Mid-size body-on-frame SUV based on the Ranger.
	180px	Expedition	1996	2025	—	Americas and Middle East	Full-size body-on-frame SUV. Also available with a longer body variant called the Expedition Max.
	File:Ford Explorer PHEV 1X7A6478.jpg	Explorer	1990	2019	2022	Americas, Europe, Middle East and Asia	Three-row mid-size crossover SUV. Also available as a police fleet vehicle called the Police Interceptor Utility. Hybrid and plug-in hybrid powertrains are optional.
	180px	Explorer EV	2024	2024	—	Europe	Battery electric compact crossover for the European market, based on the Volkswagen Group MEB platform.
	180px	Mondeo Sport	2021	2021	—	China	Low-slung mid-size crossover marketed in China and manufactured by Changan Ford. Marketed as the Ford Evos before 2024.
	File:Ford Mustang Mach-E GT IAA 2021 1X7A0176.jpg	Mustang Mach-E	2020	2020	—	Global	Battery electric compact crossover using the Mustang nameplate.
	180px	Puma	2019	2019	2024	Europe and Australasia	B-segment/subcompact crossover SUV based on the Fiesta marketed in Europe and Australasia.
	180px	Territory / Equator Sport	2018	2022	2024	Asia, Africa, Middle East and South America	Compact crossover SUV manufactured by JMC-Ford joint venture in China, and exported to emerging countries.
Pickup truck	180px 180px	F-Series	1948	2020	2023	Americas and Middle East	Full-size pickup truck mainly marketed in North America. Historically the best-selling vehicle in the United States (since 1977) and Canada. Line-up includes the F-150 pickup, F-250 through F-450 Super Duty heavy duty pickups. F-450/550 Super Duty class 4-5 trucks and F-650/750 Super Duty class 6-8 trucks are commercial chassis and cab vehicles.
	180px	F-150 Lightning	2022	2022	—	North America and others	Battery electric version of the fourteenth-generation Ford F-150.
	180px	Ranger	1981	2022	–	Global	Mid-size pickup truck sold globally. Available in single cab (except North America), space cab, and double cab configurations.
	180px	Maverick	2021	2021	—	Americas	Compact pickup truck sold in North America and South America. Based on a front-wheel-drive unibody platform shared with the Escape and Bronco Sport.
	File:2019 Ford Transit 350 Leader Ecoblue 2.0.jpg	Transit	1965	2013	2020	Europe and Australasia	Pickup version of the Transit van.
MPV/ minivan	180x180px	Tourneo Courier	2014	2022	—	Europe	Passenger version of the Transit Courier.
	180px	Tourneo Connect	2002	2021	—	Europe	Three-Row Compact MPV. Rebadged Volkswagen Caddy.
	File:Ford Tourneo Custom (2023) Autofrühling Ulm IMG 9360.jpg	Tourneo Custom	2012	2022	—	Europe	Passenger version of the Transit Custom marketed in Europe.
Van	180x180px	Transit Courier	2014	2023	—	Europe and others	Small van based on Fiesta platform mainly marketed in Europe. Available as a four-door or five-door van. The passenger-focused leisure activity vehicle version is called the Tourneo Courier.
	180px	Transit Connect	2002	2022	—	Europe and others	Compact van based on Focus platform mainly marketed in Europe and North America. Available as a four-door or five-door van. The passenger-focused leisure activity vehicle version is called the Tourneo Connect.
	180x180px	Transit Custom	2012	2022	—	Europe and others	Mid-size van mainly marketed in Europe, Australasia and China. Available as a four-door or five-door van. The passenger-focused leisure activity vehicle version is called the Tourneo Custom. A campervan version is called the Transit Custom Nugget.
	180px	Transit	1965	2013	2020	Global	Full-size, rear-wheel-drive van. Available as a cargo van, passenger van, chassis cab, and cutaway van.
Heavy commercial vehicles	180px	F-MAX	2018	2018	—	Europe	Heavy-duty truck developed and manufactured by Ford Otosan in Turkey. Sold in China as the JMC Weilong HV5.
	180px	Transit Cutaway	1965	2013	2020	Europe, North America and others	Cutaway version of the Transit van.
	180px	E-Series Cutaway	1975	1992	2021	North America	A cutaway version of the E-Series.
	File:Beijing Air Catering truck 22 (20180628090004).jpg	F-Series	1948	2015	2020	North America	Commercial medium-duty and heavy-duty trucks derived from the smaller F-Series pickup trucks.
	180px	Super Duty	1999	2023	—	North America	Chassis-cab versions of the Super Duty pickups.

Ford Motor Company Media

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  Founder Henry Ford, 1919

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  A 1910 Model T, introduced in 1908, photographed in Salt Lake City

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  Ford Model AA truck (based on the Model A) displayed in Kilgore, Texas

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  B-24 Liberator bombers being mass-produced at Ford's Willow Run assembly plant, 1944

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  The introduction of the Ford Mustang at the 1964 New York World's Fair.

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  William Clay Ford Jr., great-grandson of Henry Ford, serves as the executive chairman at the board of Ford Motor Company.

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  A worker installs a seat into a Ford F-150 at the Ford Kansas City Assembly Plant in 2008 which was a critical time for the automaker due to the 2008–2010 automotive industry crisis

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  The historic, once abandoned Michigan Central Station was purchased by Ford Motor Company in May 2018 and is expected to undergo a significant four-year renovation.

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  The Ford Research Center in Aachen, Germany, photographed in 2006

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  Ford's Dunton Technical Centre in Laindon, United Kingdom, the largest automotive research and development facility in the country, pictured in 2006