Mezquita de Córdoba
The Mezquita (Spanish for "mosque") of Cordoba is a Roman Catholic cathedral. It used to be a mosque in the Andalusian city of Córdoba, Spain. [1] At first the site had been used for a temple, then a Christian cathedral. Under the rule of Islam, it was built as the second-largest mosque in the world. It is perhaps the most accomplished monument of the Umayyad dynasty of Cordoba. It changed into mosque in Middle Ages. [2]After the Spanish Reconquista, it was changed back into a church, and some of the Islamic columns and arcs were replaced by a basilica in early Baroque style. Many early mosques have a square or rectangular plan. They also have a prayer hall and an enclosed courtyard. This is known as Arab-plan. The first mosques of this type were built during the Umayyad Dynasty.
In the warm Mediterranean and Middle Eastern climates, the courtyard served to hold the large number of worshippers during Friday prayers. Often, hypostyle mosques have outer arcades. They allow the visitors to enjoy the shade. Arab-plan mosques were built mostly during the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. The Arab plan was very simple, which did not allow for much further development. This caused that style of mosque to fall out of favour.[3] The flat roof of the prayer hall was supported by columns. Many rows of columns were needed to support such roofs;.[4] this is called "hypostyle architecture". Today it houses the main church of the diocese of Cordoba in Spain. One of the most famous hypostyle mosques, it is supported by over 850 columns.[5]
Mezquita De Córdoba Media
- Mezquita de Córdoba (10805458433).jpg
Mezquita de Córdoba (10805458433)
- Colonnes de la Mezquita (8281472877).jpg
The columns and two-tiered arches in the original section of the mosque building. The columns and capitals are spolia from earlier structures.
- Puerta de San Esteban, Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba.jpg
Bab al-Wuzara ("Viziers' Gate", today the Puerta de San Esteban), one of the oldest surviving gates of the mosque. Its decoration dates from 855.
- Plano de la Mezquita de Córdoba (revised with labels and dates).jpg
Floor plan of the expanded mosque, with each major historical phase of expansion labelled for the ruler who commissioned it and the documented starting date (which sometimes varies depending on the sources)
- Capitel M.A.N. 01.JPG
Capitel cordobés M.A.N.
- Cordoba 8390 (18679387532).jpg
Abd ar-Rahman III also expanded the courtyard and probably added a gallery around the edges. (The current gallery was rebuilt by architect Hernán Ruiz I in the 16th century.)
- Cordoba Cathedral 2024 - Maqsura.jpg
Cordoba Cathedral 2024 - Maqsura
- Great Mosque of Cordoba, interior, 8th - 10th centuries (38) (29721130342).jpg
Prayer hall in al-Mansur's extension (after 987)
- Floor plan of Mosque of Córdoba (rotated and labelled).png
Floor plan of the cathedral-mosque today, following multiple additions in the Christian era of the building. Most notably, the current Capilla Mayor (center) was added in the 16th century.
- Procesión Semana Santa Córdoba.webm
Holy Week procession by the door of Santa Catalina
References
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