Murad II
Murad II (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثانى, Turkish: II. Murad, 16 June 1404[1][2] – 3 February 1451) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1444 and from 1446 to 1451.
| Murad II | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghazi | |||||
_-_Sultan_Murad_II._-_2237_-_Bavarian_State_Painting_Collections_(flipped).jpg) Painting of Murad II by Paolo Veronese, c. 16th century | |||||
| Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (Padishah) | |||||
| 26 May 1421 – August 1444 | |||||
| Predecessor | Mehmed I | ||||
| Successor | Mehmed II | ||||
| September 1446 – 3 February 1451 | |||||
| Predecessor | Mehmed II | ||||
| Successor | Mehmed II | ||||
| Born | 16 June 1404[1][2] Amasya, Ottoman Sultanate | ||||
| Died | 3 February 1451 (aged 46) Edirne, Ottoman Sultanate | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Consorts |
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| Issue | See below | ||||
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| Dynasty | Ottoman | ||||
| Father | Mehmed I | ||||
| Mother | Emine Hatun or Şehzade Hatun | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
| Tughra |  | ||||
Murad II's reign was a period of important economic development. The amount of trade grew during his rule. Ottoman cities grew larger as well. In 1432, Bertrandon de la Broquière noted that Ottoman yearly revenue rose to 2,500,000 ducats. He said that if Murad II had used all of the resources of the Empire, he could easily have invaded Europe.[4] Murad II defeated a large group of Crusader armies from different states of Europe at the Battle of Varna.
Refernces
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Murad II | Ottoman sultan". Encyclopedia Britannica.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 محمد فريد; حقيق: الدُكتور إحسان حقّي (2006). تاريخ الدولة العليَّة العُثمانيَّة. Beirut - Lebanon. p. 153.
- ↑ Avery Plaw, (2012), The Metamorphosis of War, p. 128
- ↑ Halil İnalcık (1973). The Ottoman Empire: The Classical Age 1300-1600. pp. 21–22.