Notre-Dame de Paris
Notre Dame is a very old cathedral in Paris, France. It is one of France's most famous landmarks and many people visit it each year. The cathedral is on a small island on the River Seine. It is the cathedral of the Catholic Archdiocese of Paris, one of 23 archdioceses in France. The cathedral was built during two centuries in Paris. It is a very good example of Gothic Architecture in France. At the time it was finished, the cathedral was the biggest such building in Western Europe. Between 1844 and 1864, the building was renovated under the direction of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, who incorporated elements into the design that the medieval building had not possessed before. The two rose windows which ornate the transept are among the biggest in Europe: each has a diameter of 13m.
| Notre-Dame de Paris | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 48°51′11″N 2°20′59″E / 48.8530°N 2.3498°ECoordinates: 48°51′11″N 2°20′59″E / 48.8530°N 2.3498°E | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Location | Parvis Notre-Dame – place Jean-Paul-II, Paris | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Denomination | Roman Catholic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Website | www | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Status | Damaged by fire | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Architecture | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Style | French Gothic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Years built | 1163–1345 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Groundbreaking | 1163 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Completed | 1345 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specifications | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Length | 128 m (420 ft) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Width | 48 m (157 ft) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of towers | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tower height | 69 m (226 ft) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of spires | 1 (destroyed by fire) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spire height | 91.44 m (300.0 ft) (formerly)[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bells | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Administration | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Archdiocese | Paris | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clergy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Archbishop | Michel Aupetit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rector | Patrick Jacquin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dean | Patrick Chauvet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Laity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Director of music | Sylvain Dieudonné[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The bronze plate in the parvis before the cathedral is the origin of all road distances in France calculated from Paris. The national geographic institute in France uses the building as a benchmark. The coordinates and altitude for this point are known precisely.
Victor Hugo wrote a famous story called 'Notre-Dame de Paris'. The story takes place around the cathedral. The English title is 'The Hunchback of Notre Dame', and it has also been made into movies.
Tradition has it that Notre-Dame’s first stone was laid in 1163 in the presence of Pope Alexander III.
On May 21, 2013 French historian Dominique Venner committed suicide at Notre Dame de Paris because of his beliefs for gay rights. About 1,500 people were evacuated from the cathedral.
2019 fire
On 15 April 2019, smoke and flames were sighted and the Cathedral was declared to be on fire.[4] The fire burnt for over half a day and caused massive damage of the structure. Most works of art in the cathedral could be saved in a few years. The French government announced that the damage would be repaired and the cathedral would be rebuilt.
Notre-Dame De Paris Media
Façade et parvis de N-D de Paris, dessin signé en bas à gauche Antier, 1699. Sur la gauche l'église Saint-Jean-Le-Rond détruite en 1748. La fontaine du parvis et à droite la statue du Jeûneur. Bibliothèque Nationale, Cabinet des Estampes, n° VA 419
The church restored by Viollet-le-Duc (1860s)
Cathedral fire (April 15, 2019)
Cathedral reopens December 7, 2024
Outline of the primitive Cathedral of Notre-Dame in 1150, on the spot of the nave, the transept and the choir of the current building. The Cathedral of Saint Étienne was located to the west, at the level of today's parvis.
Construction sequence from 12th century to present-day, created by Stephen Murray and Myles Zhang
Cross-section of the double supporting arches and buttresses of the nave, drawn by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc as they would have appeared from 1220 to 1230[5]
Notre-Dame de Paris composite transverse section
Façade of Notre-Dame in the 1930s
Notre-Dame in May 2012. From top to bottom, nave walls are pierced by clerestory windows, arches to triforium, and arches to side aisles.
The roof reduced to piles of char at the top of the mostly intact vaults
Tonaufnahme der tontiefsten Glocke der Nôtre-Dame de Paris vor dem Feuer vom 15. April 2019
References
- ↑ Breeden, Aurelien=15 April 2019. Part of Notre-Dame Spire Collapses as Paris Cathedral Catches Fire. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/world/europe/notre-dame-fire.html.
- ↑ "Musique Sacrée à Notre-Dame de Paris". msndp. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
- ↑ Mérimée database 1993
- ↑ "Notre Dame will be rebuilt within the next five years, French President Emmanuel Macron says". CNBC. 15 April 2019.
- ↑ Viollet-le-Duc 1868, p. 288.
