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Tandoori chicken

Tandoori chicken is a chicken dish in Indian cuisine. It is prepared by roasting chicken marinated in yogurt and spices. It is prepared in the tandoor, a cylindrical clay oven. The dish started from the Indian subcontinent. It is popular in many other parts of the world. Tandoori chicken can be served with other dishes, such as naan or rice.

Tandoori chicken
Tandoori chicken laccha piyaz1 (36886283595).jpg
Tandoori chicken in Mumbai, India
CourseAppetizer or Main course
Place of originBritish India[1][2][3][4]
Region or statePunjab region[5][6][7][8]
Created byKundan Lal Gujral, Kundan Lal Jaggi[9][10][11]
Main ingredientsChicken, dahi (yogurt), honey, tandoori masala
VariationsTandoori paneer, Fish tandoori

Origin

The dishes like tandoori chicken may have started during in the Harappan civilization. According to famous archeologist and vice-chancellor of Deccan College Professor Vasant Shinde, the earliest proof for a dish like tandoori chicken can be found in the Harappan civilization in 3000 BC. His team has found ancient ovens at Harappan sites which are similar to the tandoors that are used in the state of Punjab. Physical remains of chicken bones have also been found along with burn marks.[12][13][14] According to Sushruta Samhita, the meat was cooked in an oven (kandu) after marinating it in spices like black mustard (rai) powder and fragrant spices.[15] According to Ahmed (2014), Harappan oven structures may have operated in a similar manner to the modern tandoors of the Punjab.[16]

Tandoori chicken started in the Punjab as a dish. It started before the partition of India.[17][18] In the late 1940s, tandoori chicken was made popular by Kundan Lal Jaggi and Kundan Lal Gujral at Moti Mahal in Daryaganj, New Delhi.[19][20] They were Punjabi Hindus[9][21][22][23][24] as well as the founders of the Moti Mahal restaurant.[1][2][3][4][23] Mokha Singh had founded the restaurant in the Peshawar area of British India. It is now part of neighboring Pakistan.[5][6][7][8]

In the United States, tandoori chicken started appearing on menus by the 1960s. It is reported that Jacqueline Kennedy ate "chicken tandoori" on a flight from Rome to Bombay in 1962.[25] A recipe for tandoori chicken was printed on the Los Angeles Times in 1963, for "the hostess in search of a fresh idea for a party dinner";[26] a similar recipe was published in the same newspaper in 1964.[27]

Tandoori Chicken Media

  • Tandoori chicken being prepared in a tandoor oven.

  • A portion of a tandoori chicken, at a restaurant in India.

  • Tandoori chicken served at a restaurant in Mumbai, India.

  • Tandoori chicken in Punjab, Pakistan.

  • Tandoori chicken hanging at a restaurant in Agra, India.

  • Tandoori chicken in Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Tandoori Chicken, Mumbai

  • Chicken tikka masala. Photographed in the Oakmore neighborhood of Oakland, California, USA.

  • Indian chicken tandoori mix platter

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Who invented the dal makhani?". NDTV Food. IANS. Retrieved 12 August 2014.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Moti Mahal offers complete Tandoori cuisine". Daily Excelsior. August 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "10 Best Punjabi Recipes". NDTV. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "What does it mean to be a Punjabi". 21 October 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "About Us How it all began... Invention of Tandoori Cuisine". Moti Mahal Delux. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Tandoori Chicken Recipe and History". Indiamarks. 14 June 2012. Archived from the original on 9 July 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Origin of Tandoori Chicken". Indianfoodsguide. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Tandoori Chicken – A Royal Punjabi Dish – DESIblitz". DESIblitz. 22 April 2009.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Punjab on a platter". 31 March 2018.
  10. ↑ Gujral, Monish (7 March 2013). On the Butter Chicken Trail: A Moti Mahal Cookbook (1.0 ed.). Delhi, India: Penguin India. ISBN 9780143419860.
  11. ↑ Hosking, Richard (8 August 2006). Authenticity in the kitchen: proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on food and cookery 2005 (1 ed.). Blackawton: Prospect Books. p. 393. ISBN 9781903018477.
  12. ↑ Lawler, Andrew (30 January 2013). "The Mystery of Curry".
  13. ↑ Ritu, Grishm. "Virasat" (PDF).
  14. ↑ Bhuyan, Avantika (9 April 2017). How archaeologists across the country are unearthing the food of ancestors to shed light on the evolution of eating. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/how-archaeologists-across-the-country-are-unearthing-the-food-of-ancestors-to-shed-light-on-the-evolution-of-eating/articleshow/58085366.cms. 
  15. ↑ "Full text of "Indian Food Tradition A Historical Companion Achaya K. T."". archive.org. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
  16. ↑ Ahmed, Mukhtar (2014). Ancient Pakistan – An Archaeological History. Vol. IV: Harappan Civilization – Theoretical and the Abstract. Foursome Group. pp. 211–. ISBN 978-1-4960-8208-4.
  17. ↑ Sanghvi, Vir (23 November 2004). Rude Food: The Collected Food Writings of Vir Sanghvi. Penguin Books India. ISBN 9780143031390 – via Google Books.
  18. ↑ "Metro Plus Delhi / Food : A plateful of grain". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 24 November 2008. http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/11/24/stories/2008112450160200.htm. Retrieved 7 May 2009. 
  19. ↑ "Punjab on a platter". Hindustan Times. 31 March 2018.
  20. ↑ "The History of Tandoori Chicken: Infographics - Times of India". The Times of India.
  21. ↑ "'Vadiya Khao': Refugees taught Delhi how to eat out in style". Hindustan Times. 14 August 2017. https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/vadiya-khao-refugees-taught-delhi-how-to-eat-out-in-style/story-Y5sG96AYWu7gQ9e5V6TXxN.html. 
  22. ↑ "ICC 2017 by IFCA – Showcasing the culinary spirit of IndiaKundan". Hospitality Biz India. 11 October 2017.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Partition brought Moti Mahal, a landmark in India's culinary history, to central Delhi". Sunday Guardian. http://www.sunday-guardian.com/investigation/partition-brought-moti-mahal-a-landmark-in-indias-culinary-history-to-central-delhi. Retrieved 2020-11-09. 
  24. ↑ Laura Siciliano-Rosen (13 January 2014). "Delhi Food and Travel Guide: The inside scoop on the best North Indian foods".
  25. ↑ Matt Weinstock, "Strange Beast Puts the Bite on Robert" Los Angeles Times (15 March 1962): A6.
  26. ↑ "East Indian Cuisine Provides Inspiration for Hostesses" Los Angeles Times (14 March 1963): D6.
  27. ↑ Marian Manners, "A Flock of Chicken Dishes From Around World" Los Angeles Times (17 September 1964): D1.

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