Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg (/ˌbɑːdən ˈvɜːrtəmbɜːrɡ/,[2] German: [ˌbaːdn̩ ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] (
listen); Alemannic German: Baade-Wiirdebäärg) is a federal state (Bundesland) in the southwestern region of Germany. It is the third largest German state by total area (after Bavaria and Lower Saxony) with a size of nearly 35,752 km² and population (after North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria) with over 11 million people as of 2017. It shares borders to the east with the state of Bavaria, to the north with the states of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate, to the west with the country of France (along the river Rhine), and to the south with the countries of Switzerland and Austria. Its biggest cities are Stuttgart, the capital, Mannheim, and Karlsruhe. The Minister President is Winfried Kretschmann of the party Alliance '90/The Greens.
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
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| Country | Germany |
| Capital | Stuttgart |
| Government | |
| • Minister-President | Winfried Kretschmann (Greens) |
| • Governing parties | Greens / CDU |
| • Votes in Bundesrat | 6 (of 69) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 35,751.46 km2 (13,803.72 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 11,023,424 |
| • Density | 308.33493/km2 (798.58381/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| ISO 3166 code | DE-BW |
| GDP/ Nominal | € 477/ $561 billion (2016) [1] |
| GDP per capita | € 42,000/ $49,400 (2015) |
| NUTS Region | DE1 |
| Website | www.baden-württemberg.de (in German) www.baden-württemberg.de/en/home (in English) |
In 2017, Baden-Württemberg ranked 2 on the Human Development Index (HDI) among all states in Germany.[3]
History
In 1952, the three states of Baden, Württemberg-Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern joined to found Baden-Württemberg.
Politics
The Minister President is the chief of the government of Baden-Württemberg. The government is made up of ministers and state secretaries.
The CDU was the main political party in the state between 1953 and 2011, the Ministers President have all been members of the CDU. Between the years 1972 and 1992, the members of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg were mostly members of the CDU. But the state is also a stronghold of the "Grünen" which were founded in the early 1980s in Karlsruhe. The election results of the Grünen in Baden-Württemberg have always been above the election average for the party in Germany.
Since 2016 there have been 5 parties represented in the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg:
- Greens
- Christian Democratic Union (CDU)
- Alternative for Germany (AfD)
- Social Democratic Party (SPD)
- Free Democratic Party (FDP/DVP)
List of Ministers President since 1952:
| Term | Minister President | Party |
|---|---|---|
| 1952–1953 | Reinhold Maier | DVP |
| 1953–1958 | Gebhard Müller | CDU |
| 1958–1966 | Kurt Georg Kiesinger | CDU |
| 1966–1978 | Hans Filbinger | CDU |
| 1978–1991 | Lothar Späth | CDU |
| 1991–2005 | Erwin Teufel | CDU |
| 2005–2010 | Günther Oettinger | CDU |
| 2010–2011 | Stefan Mappus | CDU |
| 2011–present | Winfried Kretschmann | Greens |
Tourism
The Black forest, the Swabian Alb and the Lake Constance are world famous holiday regions. The highest mountain is the Feldberg (1492m).
Other important cities for tourism in Baden-Württemberg besides the capital city of Stuttgart are: Freiburg, Heidelberg, Rastatt, Karlsruhe, Mannheim, Ulm, Ravensburg and Heilbronn.
The Danube, the Neckar and the Rhine are important rivers which are in the state.
Economy
Baden-Württemberg has the third largest economy in Germany after the economies of North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria. It had a gross regional product (GRP) of €524.33 billion in 2019.[4]
Religion
In the northern part of Württemberg and the Kurpfalz the majority are Protestants. But the other parts of the state, especially the south, the majority are Roman Catholics.
Statistics for Baden-Württemberg:
| Confession | Percentage | Number |
|---|---|---|
| Roman Catholic | 38.3% | c. 4.1 mio. |
| Protestants | 34.6% | c. 3.7 mio. |
| Muslim | 5.6% | c. 600,000 |
| Buddhists | 0.23% | c. 25,000 |
| Hindus | 0.14% | c. 15,000 |
| Jews | 0.08% | c. 9,000 |
| Other or none | 21.4% | c. 2.25 mio. |
Sports
Football is the most popular sport in Baden-Württemberg. The best clubs are the VfB Stuttgart and the Karlsruher SC (Karlsruher SC or KSC). Another popular sport is handball.
Baden-Württemberg Media
A campaign sticker developed by Scholz & Friends, translated, "We can [do] anything. Except [speak] Standard German." That is an allusion to Baden-Württemberg being one of the principal centres for innovation in Germany and having its own distinctive dialects.
Stuttgart center with the Schlossplatz
Aerial image of Karlsruhe Palace and the "fan city"
Heidelberg with the Neckar river and the vast Heidelberg Schloss (upper picture part)
Freiburg with the Freiburg Minster
Der Friedrichsplatz und der Wasserturm. Bei Nutzung des Fotos bitte angeben: Foto: Stadtmarketing Mannheim GmbH
Ulm with the famous Ulm minster and the world's highest church tower
Altstadt Tübingen
View from Merkur in Baden-Baden (BW, Germany). This photo shows the view towards the centrum of Baden-Baden.
Cities and Districts in Baden-Wuerttemberg
References
- ↑ Baden-Württemberg, Statistisches Landesamt. "Bruttoinlandsprodukt – in jeweiligen Preisen – in Deutschland 1991 bis 2016 nach Bundesländern (WZ 2008) – VGR dL". www.vgrdl.de. Archived from the original on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2017-11-13.
- ↑ Jones, Daniel (2003) [1917], Peter Roach; James Hartmann; Jane Setter (eds.), English Pronouncing Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 3-12-539683-2
- ↑ "Der HDI der deutschen Bundesländer". weltbevoelkerung.info. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
- ↑ "Bruttoinlandsprodukt von Baden-Württemberg bis 2019". Statista (in Deutsch). Retrieved 2020-12-31.
Other websites
- www.baden-württemberg.de
(in German) - www.baden-württemberg.de/en/home
(in English) - Webportal Baden-Württemberg Archived 2018-08-10 at the Wayback Machine