Brisbane
Brisbane (Yagara: Meanjin, pronounced: [miˈændʒɪn]; local nickname Brissie) is the seaport capital city and biggest city of Queensland in Australia. It has a population of 2.2 million people and is the third biggest city in Australia, after Sydney and Melbourne.
| Brisbane Meanjin Queensland | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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 Map of the Brisbane metropolitan area | |||||||||
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| Coordinates | 27°28′S 153°02′E / 27.467°S 153.033°ECoordinates: 27°28′S 153°02′E / 27.467°S 153.033°E | ||||||||
| Population | 2,360,241 (2016)[1] (3rd) | ||||||||
| • Density | 148/km2 (380/sq mi) | ||||||||
| Established | 13 May 1825 | ||||||||
| Area | 15,842 km2 (6,116.6 sq mi)[2] (2016 GCCSA) | ||||||||
| Time zone | AEST (UTC+10:00) | ||||||||
| Location | |||||||||
| LGA(s) | |||||||||
| Region | South East Queensland | ||||||||
| County | Stanley, Canning, Cavendish, Churchill, Ward | ||||||||
| State electorate(s) | 41 divisions | ||||||||
| Federal division(s) | 17 divisions | ||||||||
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The central city is on the Brisbane River, 23 kilometres (14 mi) inland from Moreton Bay.
Brisbane is named after the Brisbane River, which is named after Sir Thomas Brisbane who was Governor of New South Wales from 1821 - 1825.
A penal colony was founded at Redcliffe, 28 kilometres (17 mi) to the north, in 1824. It was moved to North Quay in 1825. The first free settlers moved to Brisbane in 1842. Brisbane became the capital city when Queensland became a separate colony from New South Wales in 1859.
Brisbane has more than 50 skyscrapers more than 100 metres (330 ft) tall.
Climate
Brisbane has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa). Summers are hot and wet. Winters are warm and quite dry.[8][9]
Thunderstorms happen a lot from November to March every year. Very heavy thunderstorms caused big floods and a lot of damage in February 1893, January 1974, January 2011 and January 2013.
The warmest recorded temperature in Brisbane was 43.2 °C (109.8 °F) on 26 January 1940 and the coldest was 2.3 °C (36.1 °F) on 2 July 1896.
| Climate data for Brisbane Regional Office (1840-1994) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 43.2 (109.8) |
40.9 (105.6) |
38.8 (101.8) |
36.1 (97) |
32.4 (90.3) |
31.6 (88.9) |
29.1 (84.4) |
32.8 (91) |
38.3 (100.9) |
40.7 (105.3) |
41.2 (106.2) |
41.2 (106.2) |
43.2 (109.8) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 29.4 (84.9) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.0 (82.4) |
26.1 (79) |
23.2 (73.8) |
20.9 (69.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
21.8 (71.2) |
24.0 (75.2) |
26.1 (79) |
27.8 (82) |
29.1 (84.4) |
25.48 (77.87) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 20.7 (69.3) |
20.6 (69.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
16.6 (61.9) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.9 (51.6) |
9.5 (49.1) |
10.3 (50.5) |
12.9 (55.2) |
15.8 (60.4) |
18.1 (64.6) |
19.8 (67.6) |
15.66 (60.19) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 14.9 (58.8) |
14.7 (58.5) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
4.8 (40.6) |
2.4 (36.3) |
2.3 (36.1) |
2.7 (36.9) |
4.8 (40.6) |
6.3 (43.3) |
9.2 (48.6) |
13.5 (56.3) |
2.3 (36.1) |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | 159.6 (6.283) |
158.3 (6.232) |
140.7 (5.539) |
92.5 (3.642) |
73.7 (2.902) |
67.8 (2.669) |
56.5 (2.224) |
45.9 (1.807) |
45.7 (1.799) |
75.4 (2.969) |
97.0 (3.819) |
133.3 (5.248) |
1,146.4 (45.134) |
| Avg. rainy days | 12.9 | 13.2 | 14.3 | 11.1 | 9.6 | 7.9 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 9.2 | 9.8 | 11.4 | 120.6 |
| Sunshine hours | 229.4 | 186.5 | 201.5 | 216.0 | 213.9 | 204.0 | 229.4 | 244.9 | 246.0 | 248.0 | 252.0 | 251.1 | 2,722.7 |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology[10] | |||||||||||||
Local government
The City of Brisbane, run by Brisbane City Council, covers a big part of the suburbs close to the city. The outer suburbs are part of Logan City to the south, Moreton Bay Region to the north, the City of Ipswich to the south west, Redland City to the south east, with a small part in the Scenic Rim Region to the west.
Education
Brisbane has many universities and colleges including University of Queensland, Queensland University of Technology and Griffith University. The Australian Catholic University, Central Queensland University, James Cook University, University of Southern Queensland and the University of the Sunshine Coast each have a campus in Brisbane.
There are three big vocational schools in Brisbane - Brisbane North Institute of TAFE, Metropolitan South Institute of TAFE and Southbank Institute of TAFE.[11]
Most primary schools and secondary schools are run by the Queensland Government. There are also private, Catholic and other Christian schools.
Sport
Brisbane hosted the 1982 Commonwealth Games, the 1988 World Exposition (called World Expo 88), and some games at the 1987 Rugby World Cup and 2001 Cricket World Cup.
Big sports stadiums include the Brisbane Cricket Ground, Lang Park, Ballymore Stadium and the Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre.
Brisbane has teams in all Australian sports competitions.
Brisbane Media
The Old Windmill built in 1828, a site of convict punishments and executions, is the oldest surviving building in Queensland
An early sketch of the town of Brisbane including the Convict Hospital, 1835
Edward Street looking west across the intersection with Queen Street, Brisbane, 1889
The Great Flood of 1893 was one of the worst disasters in the city's history, flooding in Queen Street
A demonstration in Albert Square during the 1912 general strike
Queen street looking south, ca. 1930
Parade of RAAF servicemen through Queen street, ca. 1940
Brisbane hosted the World Expo 88 in 1988
Satellite image of Brisbane metropolitan area taken in 2019
New Farm Cliffs, formed from Brisbane tuff rock, behind Howard Smith Wharves
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Related pages
References
- ↑ "Ten years of growth: Australia's population hot spots". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 28 July 2017. Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
- ↑ "2016 Census Community Profile – Greater Brisbane (3GBRI – GCCSA)". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 2017-07-14. Retrieved 2018-01-25.; [1] Archived 2017-07-14 at the Wayback Machine, ZIPed Excel spreadsheet. Cover
- ↑ "Great Circle Distance between BRISBANE and SYDNEY". Geoscience Australia. March 2004.
- ↑ "Great Circle Distance between BRISBANE and CANBERRA". Geoscience Australia. March 2004.
- ↑ "Great Circle Distance between BRISBANE and MELBOURNE". Geoscience Australia. March 2004.
- ↑ "Great Circle Distance between BRISBANE and ADELAIDE". Geoscience Australia. March 2004.
- ↑ "Great Circle Distance between BRISBANE and PERTH". Geoscience Australia. March 2004.
- ↑ Tapper, Andrew; Tapper, Nigel (1996). Gray, Kathleen (ed.). The weather and climate of Australia and New Zealand (First ed.). Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press. p. 300. ISBN 0-19-553393-3.
- ↑ Linacre, Edward; Geerts, Bart (1997). Climates and Weather Explained. London: Routledge. p. 379. ISBN 0-415-12519-7.
- ↑ "Climate statistics for Australian locations". www.bom.gov.au.
- ↑ "TAFE Queensland". Queensland Government. Archived from the original on 29 August 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.