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Sydney

For other uses, see Sydney (disambiguation).

Sydney (Dharuk: Gadi, also Warrang) is a city on the east coast of Australia which is the capital city of New South Wales. About five and a half million people live in Sydney which makes it the biggest city in both Australia and Oceania.

Sydney
Gadi
Warrang
New South Wales
Sydney skyline from the north August 2016 (29009142591).jpg
Sydney Harbour (Landmarks include Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge.)
Map of the Sydney metropolitan area
Map of the Sydney metropolitan area
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Coordinates33°51′54″S 151°12′34″E / 33.86500°S 151.20944°E / -33.86500; 151.20944Coordinates: 33°51′54″S 151°12′34″E / 33.86500°S 151.20944°E / -33.86500; 151.20944
Population5,029,768 (2016)[1] (1st)
 • Density400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) (2015)[2]
Established26 January 1788
Area12,367.7 km2 (4,775.2 sq mi)(GCCSA)[3]
Time zoneAEST +10 AEDT +11 (UTC)
Location
LGA(s)Various
CountyCumberland[4]
State electorate(s)Various
Federal division(s)various (24)
Mean max temp[5] Mean min temp[5] Annual rainfall[5]
22.8 °C
73 °F		 14.7 °C
58 °F		 1,149.7 mm
45.3 in
FootnotesCoordinates:[6]
Flag of Sydney

Sydney started in 1788, when the Captain Arthur Phillip brought the First Fleet to settle in Australia. The settlers were mostly convicts from crowded prisons in England and Ireland, with a group of soldiers to guard them. The country is home to more than 200 spoken languages with a large population of overseas-born residents.[7] The first people to occupy the area were Australian Aboriginals.[8]

Attractions

In Sydney, there are many famous buildings: the Sydney Opera House, the Queen Victoria Building and the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Sydney has a large harbour and many beaches. The most famous beach is Bondi Beach. Some other famous beaches are Coogee Beach and Manly Beach. A popular coastal walk to do is the Bondi to Coogee Coastal Walk.[9] Famous parts of the harbour are Darling Harbour and Circular Quay. The Royal National Park is a popular and famous park in southern Sydney.

Sydney has many things to see and do. These include visiting Taronga Zoo (a park for animals) on the northern side of the harbour, eating food, looking at art or watching sports (like cricket or rugby) or walking down George Street which has many nice shops.[10] Sydney has some of Australia's best shopping, and the Blue Mountains are about two hours' drive away to the west. Many people go to Sydney City to watch the great fireworks display over the harbour on New Year's Eve. Sydney holds events throughout the year that attract tourists from around the world, some namely events are Vivid Sydney, Royal Easter Show, and more.[11]

Events

Sydney is home to a range of events that happen throughout the year, drawing many tourists and visitors to the city. One of Sydney's biggest event holding convention centre is the newly rebuilt International Convention Centre located by Darling Harbour, Sydney.[12]

High-profile global events held in Sydney were: 2007 APEC Leaders Conference, 2008 World Youth Day and the 2014 G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors meeting.[13]

Vivid Sydney

Vivid Sydney is held every year in May and June in the winter and is a display of light shows, art installations and music from local and international artists.[14]

Royal Easter Show

The Royal Easter Show is held in Sydney Olympic Park throughout the Easter public holiday period in March or April. It is a family attraction with rides, carnival games, showbags and food tents. There are also agriculture shows where children can learn more about farm animals as well as animal feeding areas. Shows such as woodcutting and animal competitions are popular every year.[15]

Mercedes Benz Fashion Weekend

Mercedes Benz Fashion weekend runs for two days every year and features runway shows by leading Australian designers. The event is attended by fashion journalists, magazine editors, bloggers and fashion buyers. There are also Styling Sessions and VIP parties at the home of fashion week in Carriageworks in the inner city suburb of Redfern.[16]

Geography

Sydney is a city located on the East Coast of Australia. It is currently the largest city in Australia, and the continent of Oceania. Sydney is known for having been the original landing spot for the British. It is situated next to the Blue Mountains. Sydney has more than 650 suburbs, and 38 local government areas.

Sydney lies on a drowned coastline on the east coast of New South Wales, where the ocean level has risen up to flood deep river valleys carved in the Sydney Triassic sandstone, which was laid down about 200 million years ago. Sydney has over two major regions: the Cumberland Plain, a mostly flying to the west of Sydney Harbour, and the Hornsby Plateau, a tableland north you of the Harbour. Sydney's native plant species are mostly eucalyptus trees,[17] and its soils are red and yellow in colour. Sydney has nine rivers and just over a hundred creeks.

Climate

Sydney has a humid subtropical climate with warm to hot summers and cool winters, and rainfall spread throughout the year. Hotter temperatures are recorded inland in the western suburbs, because the coast is moderated by the ocean. Rainfall is higher in the first half of the year when easterly winds are common, and lower in late winter/early spring when winds are more westerly, but rain has been very changeable in recent years.[18]

East coast lows bring heavy rainfall to the Sydney area, typically in autumn to early winter.[19] In the warm months, rain comes in short heavy falls in the afternoons, usually with a thunderstorm. Snow is unheard of, but major snowfall was last reported in Sydney on 28 June 1836. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation are an important feature in Sydney's weather patterns: drought and bushfire on the one hand, and storms and flooding on the other.[20]

The highest recorded temperature in the city was 45.3 °C (113.5 °F), which was experienced on 18 January 2013. The highest recorded temperature in the west was 48.9 °C (120.0 °F), observed on 4 January 2020 in the suburb of Penrith.[21] Hot days are usually ended by a southerly buster, a windy sea breeze that comes from the southeast. While Sydney CBD (Observatory Hill) has never recorded frost, the far western suburbs usually get frost in winter. The ultraviolet index rating in the summer averages at 12, but can reach as high as 13.[22] Windspeed recorded in Sydney Airport averages at 24.3 km/h (15.0 mph), making Sydney the windiest capital city in Australia.[23]

Climate data for Sydney
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 45.8
(114.4) 		42.1
(107.8) 		39.8
(103.6) 		35.4
(95.7) 		30.0
(86) 		26.9
(80.4) 		26.5
(79.7) 		31.3
(88.3) 		34.6
(94.3) 		38.2
(100.8) 		41.8
(107.2) 		42.2
(108) 		45.8
(114.4)
Average high °C (°F) 27.0
(80.6) 		26.8
(80.2) 		25.7
(78.3) 		23.6
(74.5) 		20.9
(69.6) 		18.3
(64.9) 		17.9
(64.2) 		19.3
(66.7) 		21.6
(70.9) 		23.2
(73.8) 		24.2
(75.6) 		25.7
(78.3) 		22.8
(73)
Daily mean °C (°F) 23.5
(74.3) 		23.4
(74.1) 		22.1
(71.8) 		19.5
(67.1) 		16.6
(61.9) 		14.2
(57.6) 		13.4
(56.1) 		14.5
(58.1) 		17.0
(62.6) 		18.9
(66) 		20.4
(68.7) 		22.1
(71.8) 		18.8
(65.8)
Average low °C (°F) 20.0
(68) 		19.9
(67.8) 		18.4
(65.1) 		15.3
(59.5) 		12.3
(54.1) 		10.0
(50) 		8.9
(48) 		9.7
(49.5) 		12.3
(54.1) 		14.6
(58.3) 		16.6
(61.9) 		18.4
(65.1) 		14.7
(58.5)
Record low °C (°F) 10.6
(51.1) 		9.6
(49.3) 		9.3
(48.7) 		7.0
(44.6) 		4.4
(39.9) 		2.1
(35.8) 		2.2
(36) 		2.7
(36.9) 		4.9
(40.8) 		5.7
(42.3) 		7.7
(45.9) 		9.1
(48.4) 		2.1
(35.8)
Rainfall mm (inches) 91.1
(3.587) 		131.5
(5.177) 		117.5
(4.626) 		114.1
(4.492) 		100.8
(3.969) 		142.0
(5.591) 		80.3
(3.161) 		75.1
(2.957) 		63.4
(2.496) 		67.7
(2.665) 		90.6
(3.567) 		73.0
(2.874) 		1,149.7
(45.264)
Avg. rainy days (≥ 1 mm) 8.2 9.0 10.1 7.9 7.9 9.3 7.2 5.6 5.8 7.6 8.7 7.9 95.2
Sunshine hours 232.5 205.9 210.8 213.0 204.6 171.0 207.7 248.0 243.0 244.9 222.0 235.6 2,639
Source #1: Bureau of Meteorology[24][25]
Source #2: Bureau of Meteorology, Sydney Airport (sunshine hours)[26]


Sydney Media

Related pages

References

Wikivoyage has a travel guide about: Sydney
  1. ↑ 3218.0 – Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2015–16:ESTIMATED RESIDENT POPULATION – Australia's capital city populations, June 2016. Australian Bureau of StatisticsAustralian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved July 29, 2017. Estimated resident population, June 30, 2016.
  2. ↑ 3218.0 – Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2014–15: New South Wales: Population Density (March 30, 2016)Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
  3. ↑ Greater Sydney: Basic Community Profile. 2011 Census Community Profiles (March 28, 2013)Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  4. ↑ Cumberland County. Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSWGeographical Names Board of New South Wales. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Sydney (Observatory Hill). Climate statistics for Australian locationsBureau of Meteorology. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  6. ↑ Sydney. Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSWGeographical Names Board of New South Wales. Retrieved February 28, 2015.
  7. ↑ Sydney Information. Business Events Sydney. Retrieved August 30, 2016.
  8. ↑ Aboriginal history and the Gadigal people. Retrieved 2020-02-23.
  9. ↑ Bondi to Coogee Coastal Walk. Destination NSW. Retrieved March 17, 2016.
  10. ↑ Sydney shopping precincts. Destination NSW. Retrieved March 17, 2016.
  11. ↑ Sydney Festivals and Events. Business Events Sydney Festivals and Events. Retrieved August 30, 2016.
  12. ↑ International Convention Centre. Business Events Sydney. Retrieved August 30, 2016.
  13. ↑ Sydney Shines. Business Events Sydney. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
  14. ↑ Vivid Sydney Event. Sydney Tourism NSW. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
  15. ↑ Royal Easter Show Event. Sydney Tourism NSW. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
  16. ↑ Mercedes Benz Fashion Weekend. Sydney Tourism NSW. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
  17. ↑ Eucalypt forest (2017)Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
  18. ↑ Sydney future: high temps, erratic rain. The Sydney Morning Herald. https://www.smh.com.au/national/sydney-future-high-temps-erratic-rain-20081028-5a7x.html. 
  19. ↑ About East Coast LowsBureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  20. ↑ What is La Nina and what does it mean for your summer? By Peter Hannam and Laura Chung. The Sydney Morning Herald. November 25, 2021.
  21. ↑ Climate statistics for Penrith Lakes. Bureau of Meteorology.
  22. ↑ Australia's UV index peaks as thousands flock to beach unprotected. https://www.9news.com.au/national/weather-uv-ratings-extreme-sydney-new-south-wales-forecast-skin-cancer-danger/d8a7c657-ce79-4907-bace-13c8ebf34a35. Retrieved 25 March 2022. 
  23. ↑ SYDNEY AIRPORT AMO Bureau of Meterology, Sydney Airport (1991-2020 normals). Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  24. ↑ Sydney (Observatory Hill) Period 1991-2020Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  25. ↑ Sydney (Observatory Hill): all yearsBureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
  26. ↑ Climate statistics for Australian locations Sydney Airport AMOBureau of Meteorology.
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