Taglish and Englog
Taglish and Englog are the names of the mixed language family that developed in Manila from the of English and Tagalog languages, the common languages of the Philippines. There are several versions of it, including Coño English, Jejenese and Swardspeak. There are attempts to differentiate the usage of Taglish and Englog where Taglish refers to the usage of English words in Tagalog syntax while Englog refers to the usage of Tagalog words in English syntax.
| Taglish and Englog | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Philippines |
| Region | Manila |
| Language family | Creole
|
| Writing system | Latin |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-2 | cpe |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
Taglish and Englog are used by Filipinos in countries like Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, the United States, and the United Kingdom. It is used in text messages to write more quickly.
Characteristics
Taglish (or Englog)[1] is a language of Manila created by mixing the English and the Tagalog languages together.[2][3][4] The language is used because Tagalog words are longer than words in English. Example:
| English | Tagalog | Taglish / Englog |
|---|---|---|
| Can you explain it to me? | Maaaring ipaunawa mo sa akin? | Maaaring i-explain mo sa akin? |
| Can you shed light on it for me? | Pakipaliwanag mo sa akin? | Paki-explain mo sa akin? |
| Have you finished your homework? | Natapos mo na ba yung takdang-aralin mo? | Finish na ba yung homework mo? |
| Please call the driver. | Pakitawag ang tsuper. | Paki-call ang driver. |
English action words, and even some naming words, can be Tagalog action words. This is done by the addition of one or more prefixes or infixes and by the doubling of the first sound of the starting form of the action or naming word.
The English action word drive can be changed to the Tagalog word magda-drive meaning will drive (used in place of the Tagalog word magmamaneho). The English naming word Internet can also be changed to the Tagalog word nag-Internet meaning have used the Internet.
Taglish and Englog also use sentences of mixed English or Tagalog words and phrases. The conjunctions used to connect them can come from eany of the two. Some examples include:
| English | Tagalog | Taglish / Englog |
|---|---|---|
| I will shop at the mall later. | Bibili ako ako sa pamilihan mamayà. | Magsya-shopping ako sa mall mamayà. |
| Have you printed the report? | Naimprenta mo na ba ang ulat? | Na-print mo na ba ang report? |
| Please turn on the aircon. | Pakibuksan yung erkon. | Pakibuksan yung aircon. |
| Take the train to school. | Mag-tren ka papuntang paaralan. | Mag-train ka papuntang school. |
| I am not going to relate to the topic of the lecture. | Hindi ako makaintindi sa paksa ng talumpati niya. | Hindi ako maka-relate sa topic ng lecture niya.[5] |
| Could you fax your estimate tomorrow. | Pakipadala na lang ng pagtaya mo sa akin bukas. | Paki-fax na lang ng estimate mo sa akin bukas.[5] |
| Eat now or else you will not get fat. | Kumain ka na ngayon kasi Hindi ka tataba. | Eat now or else Hindi ka tataba.[6] |
Because its informal nature, experts of English and Tagalog discourage its use.[7][8][9][10]
Forms
Jejenese
Jejenese is the kind of speech used by people called "Jejemons". This is a subculture in the Philippines, made up of people who try to change the English language to better suit Spanish and Filipino. Their alphabet, Jejebet, is based on Leet. Words are created by mixing letters in a word, mixed large and small letters, using the letters H, X or Z many times, and mixing of numbers in words. The spelling is the same as in Leet.
Swardspeak
Swardspeak is a kind of Taglish and Englog used by gay people. It is a form of slang. Swardspeak uses words from Tagalog, English, Spanish, Cebuano, Japanese, Sanskrit, and other languages. Names of Celebrities and trademark brands are also used.[11][12]
Coño English
Coño English (tl: Konyo) or Colegiala English (es: /koleˈxjala/) is a creole of Taglish and Englog that originated from the children in rich families of Manila.[13] The word coño itself came from the Spanish word '. It is a form of Philippine English that has Spanish and Tagalog words. Unlike other forms of Taglish and Englog, Coño English sounds more gentle and feminine.
The most common aspect of Coño English is the building of action words using the English action word make with the base form of a Tagalog action word. Examples:
| English | Tagalog | Coño English |
|---|---|---|
| Let's skewer the fishballs. | Tusukin natin ang mga pishbol. | Let's make tusok-tusok the fishballs.[5] |
| Tell me what happened... | Ikwento mo sa akin kung ano ang nangyari... | Make me kwento about what happened... |
Sometimes, Tagalog interjections such as ano, naman, pa, na (or nah), no (or noh), a (or ha), e (or eh), and o (or oh) are placed to add emphasis.
No and a (from the Tagalog word ano) are used for questions and are added to the end of a sentence only. Ano (meaning what) is also used for questions and is placed in the front or the end.
E (added to answers to questions) and o (for statements) are used for exclamations and are added to the front only. Pa (meaning not yet, not yet done, to continue, or still) and na (meaning now, already, or already done) can be placed in the middle or end. Naman (same as na but mostly for emphasis only) is placed anywhere.
The interjection no? (equal to the Spanish ¿no? and the German nicht?) is pronounced as /no/ or /nɔ/ (with a pure vowel instead of the English glide), which shows influence from Spanish.
| English | Tagalog | Coño English |
|---|---|---|
| It's so hot; can you please fan me? | Naiinitan na ako; paypayan mo naman ako. | Grabe, it's so hot; can you fan me naman ? |
| Wait here first while I fetch my friend, all right? | Hintayin mo ako habang sinusundo ko ang kaibigan ko, a? | Wait here muna while I make sundo my friend, a? |
| What, you're still gonna eat that apple after it fell on the floor? | Ano, kakainin mo pa ang mansanas na'yan matapos mahulog na iyan sa sahig? | O, you'll eat that apple pa after it fell on the floor? |
English description words are often replaced with Tagalog action words. The language also has many Spanish words or Spanish words like baño ("bathroom"), tostado ("toasted") and jamón ("ham").
| English | Tagalog | Coño English |
|---|---|---|
| They're really good! | Magaling sila! | They're so galing! |
| Where's the bathroom? | Nasaan ang CR? | Where's the baño? |
| Keep my ham on the grill. | Itago mo lang ang hamon ko sa ihawan. | Leave my jamón on the grill muna. |
| I want my ham toasted. | Gusto kong tostado ang hamon ko. | I want my jamón tostado. |
Due to the feminine sound of Coño English, male speakers sometimes overuse the Tagalog word pare (which means "pal" or "buddy"), in order to make it sound more masculine. Sometimes tsong (whose meaning is the same) is used instead of pare or with it.Examples below:
| English | Tagalog | Coño English |
|---|---|---|
| Dude, he's so unreliable. | Pare, ang labo niya. | Pare, he's so malabo. |
| Dude, he's so unreliable. | Pare tsong, ang labo niya. | Pare tsong, he's so f**king malabo. |
References
- ↑ Lopez, Mellie Leandicho (2006). A Handbook of Philippine Folklore. UP Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-971-542-514-8.
- ↑ "The Globalization of English | WebProNews". www.webpronews.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-30. Retrieved 2008-01-01.
- ↑ Wikang Taglish, Kamulatang Taglish, article by Virgilio S. Almario.
- ↑ PAGASA VOWS : No more jargon, just plain ‘Taglish,’ in weather reports. The Philippine Daily Inquirer. Posted date: March 23, 2011.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Taglish is not the enemy Archived 2013-06-30 at Archive.today. October 30, 2006 12:00 AM. The Philippine Star.
- ↑ Experts discourage use of ‘Taglish’ Archived 2015-02-11 at the Wayback Machine. The Philippine Daily Inquirer. 20:58:00 11/04/2009
- ↑ Tagalog, English,or Taglish?. Manila Bulletin. March 20, 2005, 8:00am
- ↑ Filipino English, not Taglish. Manila Bulletin. September 7, 2004, 8:00am.
- ↑ Stop using ‘Taglish,’ teachers, students told. Manila Bulletin. June 1, 2006, 8:00am.
- ↑ Manila Journal; Land of 100 Tongues, but Not a Single Language. The New York Times. Published: December 02, 1987.
- ↑ "Gayspeak: Not for gays only". www.thepoc.net. 30 April 2010. Archived from the original on 1 December 2010. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
- ↑ "Gay language: defying the structural limits of english language in the philippines". Kritika Kultura, Issue 11. philJol.info. August 2008. Archived from the original on 24 March 2009. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
- ↑ Patke, Rajeev S.; Holden, Philip (2009). The Routledge Concise History of Southeast Asian Writing in English. Taylor & Francis. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-203-87403-5.