Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
The Kingdom of Italy was a country in the past that started in 1861 after the Italian unification until the dissolution of the country in 1946. In 1946, the people decided to change how the country was governed, and the Kingdom became the modern day Italian Republic.
Kingdom of Italy Regno d'Italia | |
|---|---|
| 1861–1946 | |
_crowned.svg) | |
| Motto: | |
| Anthem: | |
.svg) The Kingdom of Italy in 1936 | |
| Capital | Rome |
| Demonym(s) | Italian |
| Government | Constitutional monarchy and Fascist dictatorship |
| Legislature | Italian Parliament |
| History | |
• | 1861 |
• | 1946 |
| Area | |
• Total | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). |
| Population | |
• Estimate | 42,993,602 (1936) |
| Currency | Italian lira |
| Today part of | Italian Republic (mainly), Slovenia, Croatia |
History
Unification
Kingdom Of Italy (1861–1946) Media
A map of the newly unified Kingdom of Italy within Europe circa 1861 CE.
The Royal March, italian national anthem from 1861 to 1943/1946.
The Kingdom of Italy in 1924
Notice of the proclamation of the Statuto Albertino in 1848 by King Charles Albert of Sardinia
The Iron Crown of Lombardy, for centuries a symbol of the kings of Italy
Animated map of the Italian unification from 1829 to 1871
The Altare della Patria in Rome, a national symbol of Italy celebrating King Victor Emmanuel II, and resting place of the Italian Unknown Soldier since the end of World War I. It was inaugurated in 1911, on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the Unification of Italy.
Golden 20 lire coin with the effigy of King Victor Emmanuel II of 1873. Minted in Milan (M BN); other mints included Rome (R) and Turin (T BN).
Before 1861, Italy was not one country. Instead, there were many kingdoms and duchies (places ruled by dukes) in the Italian Peninsula. In 1861, the King Victor Emmanuel II, who was the king of the Kingdom of Sardinia wanted to unite Italy, and he invaded the countries. Later, They all became one country and King Victor Emmanuel II became the King of Italy.
Colonies
Italy began their colonial empire in the 1880s, when they conquered Eritrea and Somalia. In 1912, they took Libya from the Ottoman Empire. In 1936, Italy also conquered Ethiopia, creating the colony of Italian East Africa. When they lost WW2, their colonies were lost to the British Empire and the French Empire.
Fascism
Before WW1, Italy was friends with the German Empire and Austria-Hungary. But Italy wanted parts of Austria-Hungary. In 1915, the United Kingdom promised the lands of South Tyrol, Istria and Dalmatia. But after Italy won WW1, they did not get all of the lands. In 1922, Benito Mussolini became Prime Minister. He was a fascist leader and didn't like Italy not getting all their promised land in WW1. He made Italy into a dictatorship without much liberty.
When WW2 began, Mussolini's Blackshirts led Italy to be allied with Hitler, and the Axis powers. The Axis powers lost WW2. Mussolini's leadership ended in 1943, and he was killed in 1945. Nazi Germany controlled Italy at the end of WW2 , but they eventually were invaded by the Allies and when Hitler killed himself, The Nazis lost WW2. After Nazi Germany ceased to exist, Italy was independent again.
Aftermath of World War II
After WW, Italy was left in huge debt, causing Italy to be poor. Many people from Italy emigrated to the United States to escape being poor. In 1946, People voted to get rid of the monarchy (kings) and establish the new Italian Republic. Slowly, the new government helped Italy get back up again into its current state. Also, dramatically, people stopped emigrating because life in Italy was becoming better.
List of monarchs
- Victor Emmanuel II (1861-1878)
- Umberto I (1878-1900)
- Victor Emmanuel III (1900-1946)
- Umberto II (1946)
