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Gironde



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For other uses, see Gironde (disambiguation).
Flag of Gironde
Flag
Coat of arms
Coat of arms
Location of Gironde in France
Location of Gironde in France
Coordinates: 44°50′N 0°40′W / 44.833°N 0.667°W / 44.833; -0.667Coordinates: 44°50′N 0°40′W / 44.833°N 0.667°W / 44.833; -0.667
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
Département4 March 1790
PrefectureBordeaux
SubprefecturesArcachon, Blaye, Langon, Lesparre-Médoc, Libourne
Government
 • PresidentJean-Luc Gleyze
Area
 • Total9,975.6 km2 (3,851.6 sq mi)
Population
 (2014)[3]
 • Total1,526,016
 • Density152.9749/km2 (396.2031/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeFR-33
Arrondissements6
Cantons33
Communes538
Websitewww.gironde.fr

Gironde (Occitan: Gironda) is a department in the southwest of France. It is named after the Gironde estuary.

The department is in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Its prefecture is Bordeaux.

History

Gironde was formed during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with parts of the old provinces of Guyenne and Gascony.

From July 1793 to April 1795, the department's name was changed to Bec-d'Ambès to avoid the association with the Girondists, a French revolutionary group.

The department was divided into seven districts: Bordeaux, Libourne, La Réole, Bazas, Cadillac, Blaye and Lesparre. Its capital was the city of Bordeaux.[4]

Geography

Gironde is part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, southwestern France, and is the largest department of Metropolitan France with an area of 9,975.6 km2 (3,852 sq mi).[2]

There four main zones in the Gironde; they are:

  1. the coastal zone, including part of the Côte d'Argent ("Silver coast");
  2. the forest that covers the western half of the department;
  3. the Bordelais, region around Bordeaux and where the different kinds of Bordeaux wines are produced; and
  4. the Bazadais, the region around the town of Bazas, in the soutwest of the department and where farming is very important.

The department is bordered by the departments: Charente-Maritime, Dordogne, Lot-et-Garonne and Landes. The Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Biscay) is to the west of the department.

Charente-Maritime
Atlantic Ocean Dordogne
   Gironde    
Landes Lot-et-Garonne

The main rivers in the department are the Dordogne and the Garonne rivers; the two rivers form, after their confluence, the Gironde estuary, the largest estuary of France.

Climate

The climate in Bordeaux is Marine West Coast Climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb), with mild winters and warm summers.[5]

The average temperature for the year in Bordeaux is 13.8 °C (56.8 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 21.4 °C (70.5 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 6.6 °C (43.9 °F).

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Bordeaux is 850.9 mm (33.5 in). The month with the most precipitation on average is November with 88.9 mm (3.5 in) of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of 53.3 mm (2.1 in).[5]

Administration

Gironde is part of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine and is managed by the Departmental Council of Gironde in Bordeaux.

Administrative divisions

There are 6 arrondissements (districts), 33 cantons and 538 communes (municipalities) in Gironde.[6]

INSEE
code 		Arrondissement Capital Population[7]
(2014) 		Area[8]
(km²) 		Density
(Inh./km²) 		Communes
331 Blaye Blaye 88,115 782.4 112.6 63
332 Bordeaux Bordeaux 921,668 1,521.8 605.6 82
333 Langon Langon 130,911 2,644.3 49.5 197
334 Lesparre-Médoc Lesparre-Médoc 86,560 2,274.4 38.1 50
335 Libourne Libourne 152,602 1,282.9 119.0 129
336 Arcachon Arcachon 146,160 1,469.8 99.4 17

The following is a list of the 33 cantons of the Gironde department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:[9]

  1. Andernos-les-Bains (3301)
  2. Bordeaux-1 (3302)
  3. Bordeaux-2 (3303)
  4. Bordeaux-3 (3304)
  5. Bordeaux-4 (3305)
  6. Bordeaux-5 (3306)
  7. Le Bouscat (3307)
  8. La Brède (3308)
  9. Cenon (3309)
  10. Les Coteaux de Dordogne (3310)
  11. Créon (3311)
  12. L'Entre-Deux-Mers (3312)
  13. L'Estuaire (3313)
  14. Gujan-Mestras (3314)
  15. Les Landes des Graves (3315)
  16. Le Libournais-Fronsadais (3316)
  17. Lormont (3317)
  18. Mérignac-1 (3318)
  19. Mérignac-2 (3319)
  20. Le Nord-Gironde (3320)
  21. Le Nord-Libournais (3321)
  22. Le Nord-Médoc (3322)
  23. Pessac-1 (3323)
  24. Pessac-2 (3324)
  25. Les Portes du Médoc (3325)
  26. La Presqu'île (3326)
  27. Le Réolais et Les Bastides (3327)
  28. Saint-Médard-en-Jalles (3328)
  29. Le Sud-Gironde (3329)
  30. Le Sud-Médoc (3330)
  31. Talence (3331)
  32. La Teste-de-Buch (3332)
  33. Villenave-d'Ornon (3333)

Demographics

The inhabitants of Gironde are known, in French, as Girondins (women: Girondines).[10]

The department of Gironde has a population, in 2014, of 1,526,016,[3] for a population density of 152.97 inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Bordeaux, with 921,668 inhabitants, is by far the largest. The arrondissements of Blaye and Lesparre-Médoc are those with less people, with 88,115 and 86,560 inhabitants.[7]

Evolution of the population in Gironde <timeline> Colors= 

 id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
 id:darkgrey  value:gray(0.7)
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 id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8)

ImageSize = width:500 height:373 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:30 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:1600000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:400000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:100000 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo

BarData= 

bar:1968 text:1968
bar:1975 text:1975
bar:1982 text:1982
bar:1990 text:1990
bar:1999 text:1999
bar:2008 text:2008
bar:2014 text:2014

PlotData= 

color:barra width:30 align:left

bar:1968 from:0 till: 1009390
bar:1975 from:0 till: 1061480
bar:1982 from:0 till: 1127546
bar:1990 from:0 till: 1213499
bar:1999 from:0 till: 1287334
bar:2008 from:0 till: 1421276
bar:2014 from:0 till: 1526016

PlotData= 

bar:1968 at: 1009390 fontsize:S text: 1,009,390 shift:(-13,5)
bar:1975 at: 1061480 fontsize:S text: 1,061,480 shift:(-22,5)
bar:1982 at: 1127546 fontsize:S text: 1,127,546 shift:(-22,5)
bar:1990 at: 1213499 fontsize:S text: 1,213,499 shift:(-22,5)
bar:1999 at: 1287334 fontsize:S text: 1,287,334 shift:(-22,5)
bar:2008 at: 1421276 fontsize:S text: 1,421,276 shift:(-22,5)
bar:2014 at: 1526016 fontsize:S text: 1,526,016 shift:(-22,5)

</timeline>

The main cities in the department are:

City Population[7]
(2014) 		Arrondissement
Bordeaux 246,586 Bordeaux
Mérignac 69,301 Bordeaux
Pessac 61,514 Bordeaux
Talence 41,182 Bordeaux
Villenave-d'Ornon 31,027 Bordeaux
Saint-Médard-en-Jalles 29,779 Bordeaux
Bègles 26,437 Bordeaux
La Teste-de-Buch 25,990 Arcachon
Gradignan 24,841 Bordeaux
Libourne 24,595 Libourne

Gallery

Related pages

References

  1. ↑ "L’institution départementale" (in French). Conseil départamental de la Gironde. https://www.gironde.fr/le-departement/linstitution-departementale. Retrieved 9 May 2017. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Département de La Gironde (33) - Résumé statistique" (in French). Publications et statistiques pour la France ou les régions. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/comparateur.asp?codgeo=DEP-33. Retrieved 20 April 2015. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Populations légales 2014: Recensement de la population - Régions, départements, arrondissements, cantons et communes" (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2525762?sommaire=2525768. Retrieved 9 May 2017. 
  4. ↑ "Historique de la Gironde" (in French). Le SPLAF. http://splaf.free.fr/33his.html. Retrieved 20 April 2015. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Bordeaux, France - Köppen Climate Classification". Weatherbase. http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=1570&cityname=Bordeaux%2C+Aquitaine%2C+France&units=. Retrieved 9 April 2017. 
  6. ↑ "Département de la Gironde (33)" (in French). Géographie administrative et d'étude. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. https://www.insee.fr/fr/metadonnees/cog/departement/DEP33-gironde. Retrieved 9 May 2017. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Régions, départements, arrondissements, cantons et communes" (in French) (PDF). Populations légales 2014. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. http://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/2525755/dep33.pdf. Retrieved 9 May 2017. 
  8. ↑ "Département des Landes (40)" (in French). Comparateur de territoire. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/1405599?geo=ARR-331+ARR-332+ARR-333+ARR-334+ARR-335+ARR-336. Retrieved 9 May 2017. 
  9. ↑ "Décret n° 2014-192 du 20 février 2014 portant délimitation des cantons dans le département de la Gironde" (in French). Légifrance.gouv.fr. 20 April 2014. http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000028638247. Retrieved 20 April 2015. 
  10. ↑ "Gironde (33)" (in French). habitants.fr. http://www.habitants.fr/habitants_departement_gironde_33.html. Retrieved 20 April 2015. 

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