Hōreki

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The nengō Hōreki means "Valuable Calendar" or "Valuable Almanac".^[5] This time frame was created by Emperor Momozono in 1754.

Events of the Hōreki era

The previous era ended in 1751 (Kan'en 4, 27th day of the 10th month); however, this nengō was created years later. By Imperial command, the era was re-named on December 2, 1754, which then became 19th day of the 10th month of the 4th year of Hōreki.^[5]

1752 (Hōreki 2): An ambassador from the Ryūkyū Kingdom was received in Edo.^[6]

Grave of Takenaka Denroku who killed himself in the Hōreki era because of problems with the Kizo River flood control project

1754 (Hōreki 4): Shimazu clan was ordered to complete Kizo River flood control project^[7]
1755 (Hōreki 5): Calendar reform by Abe Yasukuni,^[8] Shibukawa Kōkyō^[9] and Nishiyama Seikyū is named Horiki Kojutsu Gen-reki (Hōryaku calendar)^[2]
1758 (Hōreki 8): Takenouchi Shikibu and others taught Confucianism and martial arts to the emperor in Kyoto.^[2]
1760 (Hōreki 10): Shogun Tokugawa Ieshige resigned and his son, Tokugawa Ieharu, became the 10th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate.^[10]
1762 (Hōreki 12): Emperor Momozono abdicated; and the succession passed to his sister (senso). Soon after, Empress Go-Sakuramachi's role as monarch was confirmed by ceremonies (sokui).^[11]
31 August 1762 (Hōreki 12, 12th day of the 7th month): Former-Emperor Momozono died.^[12]
1763 (Hōreki 13): A merchant association handling Korean ginseng is founded in the Kanda district of Edo.^[13]
1764 (Hōreki 14): Sweet potatoes are exported from Edo to Korea. The food crop in Korea is the result of a diplomatic mission.^[14]

Related pages

Edo period

References

↑ Penkala, Maria (1980). A Survey of Japanese Ceramics: A Handbook for the Collector. Interbook International. p. 245.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 352. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 656. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 962–963. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869, p. 321.
↑ Klaproth, Julius von (1834). Nipon o dai itsi ran: ou Annales des empereurs du Japon. Oriental Translation Fund. p. 418.
↑ Yamamoto, Shugoro; Inoue, Mihoko; Hennessy, Eileen B. (2006). 花筵. Tuttle Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-8048-3333-2.
↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 850. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
↑ Klaproth, Julius von (1834). Nipon o dai itsi ran: ou Annales des empereurs du Japon. Oriental Translation Fund. p. 419.
↑ Meyer, Eva-Maria (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867. Lit. p. 49. ISBN 978-3-8258-3939-0.
↑ Meyer, Eva-Maria (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867. Lit. p. 186. ISBN 978-3-8258-3939-0.
↑ Hall, John Whitney. (1988). The Cambridge History of Japan, p. xxiii.
↑ Kim, Jinwung (2012). A History of Korea: From "Land of the Morning Calm" to States in Conflict. Indiana University Press. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-253-00078-1.

Other websites

National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Hōreki	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th	11th	12th	13th	14th
	1751	1752	1753	1754	1755	1756	1757	1758	1759	1760	1761	1762	1763	1764

Preceded by:
Kan'en

Era or nengō:
Hōreki

Succeeded by:
Meiwa

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[1] Penkala, Maria (1980). A Survey of Japanese Ceramics: A Handbook for the Collector. Interbook International. p. 245.

[google352-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 352. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[3] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 656. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[4] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. pp. 962–963. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[ponsonby-fane321-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869, p. 321.

[6] Klaproth, Julius von (1834). Nipon o dai itsi ran: ou Annales des empereurs du Japon. Oriental Translation Fund. p. 418.

[7] Yamamoto, Shugoro; Inoue, Mihoko; Hennessy, Eileen B. (2006). 花筵. Tuttle Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-8048-3333-2.

[8] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[9] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 850. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.

[titsingh419-10] Klaproth, Julius von (1834). Nipon o dai itsi ran: ou Annales des empereurs du Japon. Oriental Translation Fund. p. 419.

[11] Meyer, Eva-Maria (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867. Lit. p. 49. ISBN 978-3-8258-3939-0.

[12] Meyer, Eva-Maria (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867. Lit. p. 186. ISBN 978-3-8258-3939-0.

[hxxiii-13] Hall, John Whitney. (1988). The Cambridge History of Japan, p. xxiii.

[14] Kim, Jinwung (2012). A History of Korea: From "Land of the Morning Calm" to States in Conflict. Indiana University Press. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-253-00078-1.

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