Hallstatt culture
The Hallstatt culture is named after Hallstatt, a city in Austria in which the first artifacts were found. It lasted from about 1200 BC to about 275 BC.
There were different periods that are now told apart mainly by the kinds of brooches used. The brooches changed rather rapidly and permit a good estimate. Hallstatt culture sites have been found in the east of France, in Switzerland, in the south of Germany, in Austria, in Slovenia and Croatia, northwestern Hungary, southwestern Slovakia and southern Moravia.
In this time, the social structure developed into a hierarchy. That can be documented by various things that were added to graves, such as at Magdalenenberg. In the Bronze Age, people lived in big settlements. As iron became available, trade routes changed. A new upper class could establish itself. Unlike before, the upper class liked to live in big houses in the countryside to show their power.
Funerary cults also changed, from cremation burials, to burials with sarcophagi. The new upper class used its wealth for import goods, mostly from the Mediterranean. People started settling there around the 2nd millennium BC.
Hallstatt Culture Media
Model of the Heuneburg, Germany
Vix palace, Mont Lassois, France.
Model of a Hallstatt culture settlement at Konigsbrunn, Germany
The Hochdorf Chieftain's Grave, Germany
Distribution of main central places north of the Alps, 6th–5th centuries BC
Speculative illustration of the social classes of Early Celtic society, including the "princely" class not yet evidenced at Hallstatt
The Strettweg Cult Wagon, Austria, c. 600 BC
Typical decoration on a belt-plate
Hallstatt grab 23
Glauberg burial mound, earthworks and 'processional road' (right)
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Other websites
Hallstatt culture: the real thing. [1]