Hot spring
A hot spring is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater from the Earth's crust. Hot springs are in many places, especially in mountains.
Definitions
There is no universally accepted definition of a hot spring. For example, one can find the phrase hot spring defined as
- any geothermal spring [1]
- a spring with water temperatures above its surroundings [2][3]
- a spring with water temperatures above 50 °C (122 °F) [4]
- a natural spring with water temperature above body temperature – normally between 36.5 and 37.5 °C (97.7 and 99.5 °F) [5][6][7][8][9]
- a natural spring of water greater than 21.1 °C (70 °F) (synonymous with thermal spring) [10][11][12][13]
- a natural discharge of groundwater with elevated temperatures [14]
Sources of heat
The water issuing from a hot spring is heated by geothermal energy, i.e., heat from the Earth's mantle.
Hot Spring Media
Grand Prismatic Spring and Midway Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park
Hot water springs in Rio Quente, Brazil
The radiogenic heat from the decay of 238U and 232Th are now the major contributors to the earth's internal heat budget.
Deildartunguhver, Iceland: the highest flow hot spring in Europe
Algal mats growing in the Map of Africa hot pool, Orakei Korako, New Zealand
Winter bathing at Tsuru-no-yu roten-buro in Nyūtō, Akita
Sai Ngam hot springs in Mae Hong Son province, Thailand
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Related pages
References
- ↑ "MSN Encarta definition of hot spring". Archived from the original on 2009-11-01. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
- ↑ Miriam-Webster Online dictionary definition of hot spring
- ↑ For example, ambient ground temperature is usually around 55–57 °F (13–14 °C) in the eastern United States
- ↑ US NOAA Geophysical Data Center definition
- ↑ Wordsmyth definition of hot spring
- ↑ "American Heritage dictionary, fourth edition (2000) definition of hot spring". Archived from the original on 2007-03-10. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
- ↑ Infoplease definition of hot spring
- ↑ "Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006. definition of hot spring". Archived from the original on 2009-01-23. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
- ↑ Allan Pentecost, B. Jones, R.W. Renaut (2003). "What is a hot spring?". Can. J. Earth Sci. 40 (11): 1443–6. Bibcode:2003CaJES..40.1443P. doi:10.1139/e03-083. Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) provides a critical discussion of the definition of a hot spring. - ↑ "Wordnet 2.0 definition of hot spring". Archived from the original on 2009-01-23. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
- ↑ Ultralingua Online Dictionary definition of hot spring
- ↑ Rhymezone definition of hot spring
- ↑ Lookwayup definition of hot spring
- ↑ "Columbia Encyclopedia, sixth edition, article on hot spring". Archived from the original on 2007-02-11. Retrieved 2011-01-14.