KidzSearch Wiki

Left-wing fascism

Part of a series on
Fascism
Fasces

Left-wing fascism (or left fascism)[1] is the contested[2] idea that left-wing politics can emulate and practice the ideology of fascism. Fascism is traditionally identified as a far-right ideology.[3][4][5] Left-wing fascism was first discussed in the 1960s as a critique of communist student movements.[6][7] Today, the term is related to red fascism, that equates Stalinism and other variants of Marxism–Leninism with fascism.[8][9]. The term has been discussed academically by sociologists such as Jürgen Habermas[7] and Irving Louis Horowitz.[10]

Left-wing Fascism Media

  • Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy (left), and Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany (right), were notable fascist leaders.

  • The fasces, a symbol of Ancient Rome, was employed in the modern era by various political movements to denote strength through unity.[11]

  • Pro-government demonstration in Salamanca, Francoist Spain, in 1937. Francisco Franco was later labeled by some commentators the "last surviving fascist dictator".[12]

  • Bust of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, whose works were admired by Mussolini

  • Depiction of a Greek Hoplite warrior; ancient Sparta has been considered an inspiration for fascist and quasi-fascist movements, such as Nazism and quasi-fascist Metaxism

  • Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Italian modernist author of the Futurist Manifesto (1909) and later the co-author of the Fascist Manifesto (1919)[13]

  • Benito Mussolini in 1917 as an Italian soldier in World War I

  • Adolf Hitler as a German soldier in World War I

  • Members of Italy's Arditi corps, shown here in 1918 holding daggers, a symbol of their group. They were formed in 1917 as groups of soldiers trained for dangerous missions, characterized by a refusal to surrender and a willingness to fight to the death. Their black uniforms inspired those of the Italian Fascist movement.[14]

References

  1. ↑ Winners and Losers: Social and Political Polarities in America By Irving Louis Horowitz Published by Duke University Press, 1984 ISBN 0822306026, 9780822306023 328 pages pp 219 et seq [1]
  2. ↑
  3. ↑ Peter Davies. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right (2002)Routledge. p. 1–5.
  4. ↑ Roger Griffin. Fascism. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1995. pp. 8, 307.
  5. ↑ Fascism (in en). Holocaust Encyclopedia. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  6. ↑ The Platypus Affiliated Society – 1968. platypus1917.org. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Gandesha, Samir. The "Authoritarian Personality" Reconsidered: the Phantom of "Left Fascism". American Journal of Psychoanalysis 79 (4) (December 2019). p. 601–624. doi:10.1057/s11231-019-09227-w.
  8. ↑ Maddux, Tomas R.. Red Fascism, Brown Bolshevism: The American Image of Tolatitarianinsm in the 1930s. The Historian 40 (1) (1 November 1977)Informa UK Limited. p. 85–103. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1977.tb01210.x. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  9. ↑ Adler & Paterson 1970, p. 1046.
  10. ↑ Horowitz, Irving Louis. Left-Wing Fascism and Right-Wing Communism: The Fission—Fusion Effect in American Extremist Ideologies (in en). Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. Philosophy, History and Social Action: Essays in Honor of Lewis Feuer with an autobiographic essay by Lewis Feuer 107 (1988). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. p. 245–266. ISBN 978-94-009-2873-2. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2873-2_11. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  11. ↑ Paxton (2004), pp. 4–5.
  12. ↑ Encyclopedia Britannica Franco's dictatorship.
  13. ↑ Elazar (2001), p. 73.
  14. ↑ Corni (2015).

Related pages



Retrieved from "https://wiki.kidzsearch.com/w/index.php?title=Left-wing_fascism&oldid=5917755"