Oxfordshire

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Ceremonial county
Oxfordshire UK locator map 2010.svg
Ceremonial Oxfordshire within England

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Historic Oxfordshire in the British Isles

Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Constituent countryEngland
RegionSouth East England
Time zoneUTC±00:00 (Greenwich Mean Time)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+01:00 (British Summer Time)
Members of Parliament7 Members of Parliament
PoliceThames Valley Police
Ceremonial county
Lord LieutenantMarjorie Glasgow
High SheriffJohn May[1] (2025–26)
Area2,605 km2 (1,006 sq mi)
 • Ranked22nd of 48
Population (2005 est.)626,900
 • Ranked35th of 48
Density241/km2 (620/sq mi)
Ethnicity86.9% White, 6.4% Asian/Asian British/Asian Welsh, 3.1% Mixed, 2.1%, Black/Black British/Black Welsh[2]
Non-metropolitan county
County councilOxfordshire County Council[3]
ExecutiveConservative
Admin HQOxford
Area2,605 km2 (1,006 sq mi)
 • Ranked of 26
Population626,900
 • Ranked18th of 26
Density241/km2 (620/sq mi)
ISO 3166-2GB-OXF
GSS codeE10000025
ITLTLJ14
Websiteoxfordshire.gov.uk
Largest settlementOxford
Districts
Oxfordshire numbered districts.svg
Districts of Oxfordshire
Districts
  1. Oxford
  2. Cherwell
  3. South Oxfordshire
  4. Vale of White Horse
  5. West Oxfordshire

Oxfordshire (short Oxon, from the Latinised form Oxonia) is a county in the South East of England, bordering on Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, and Warwickshire.

It is divided into five local government districts: Oxford, Cherwell, Vale of the White Horse (after the Uffington White Horse), West Oxfordshire and South Oxfordshire.

The county has a major tourism industry. The area is known for the concentration of motorsport companies and facilities. Oxford University Press has headed a concentration of print and publishing firms; the university is also linked to the concentration of local biotechnology companies.

The main centre of population is the city of Oxford. Other significant settlements are Bicester, Banbury, and Chipping Norton to the north of Oxford; Witney to the west; Thame and Chinnor to the east; and Abingdon, Wantage, Didcot and Henley-on-Thames to the south. Future population growth in the county is hoped to be concentrated around Banbury, Bicester, Didcot and Witney, near the South Midlands growth area.

The highest point of the county is Whitehorse Hill, in the Vale of White Horse, reaching 856 feet (261m).

History

The county of Oxfordshire was formed in the early years of the 10th century.

Historically the area has always had some importance, it has been good agricultural land resting between the main southern cities and Oxford (whose name came from Anglo-Saxon Oxenaford = "ford for oxen"). The area was part of the Cotswolds wool trade from the 13th century. The Great Western Railway reached Didcot in 1839. Morris Motors was founded in Oxford in 1912 and MG in Abingdon in 1929. The importance of agriculture as an employer has gone down in the 20th century; today less than one percent of the county's population are involved.

The Vale of the White Horse and parts of South Oxfordshire south of the River Thames were historically part of Berkshire, but were added to the administrative county in 1974.

Towns and cities

Places of interest

Oxfordshire Media

  • The flag which represents the historic county

  • Brasenose Lane in Oxford city centre, a street onto which three colleges back

  • The University of Oxford's Chemistry Research Laboratory

  • Hand-drawn map of Oxford, Buckinghamshire and Berkshire by Christopher Saxton from 1576

  • Oxfordshire population pyramid in 2021

  • The Bear Hotel in Wantage

Related pages

Other websites

  1. ↑ The High Sheriff of Oxfordshire.
  2. ↑ UK Census. 2021 Census Area Profile – Oxfordshire Local Authority (E10000025). Nomis (2021)Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 25 March 2025.
  3. ↑ Homepage. Retrieved 16 November 2002.
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