Pope Leo XIII
Pope Leo XIII (Latin: Leo PP. XIII; Italian: Leone XIII, March 2, 1810 — July 20, 1903), born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 257th Pope from 1878 until his death.[1]
| Pope Leo XIII | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Papacy began | February 20, 1878 |
| Papacy ended | July 20, 1903 |
| Predecessor | Pope Pius IX |
| Successor | Pope Pius X |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaelle Luigi Pecci |
| Born | March 2, 1810 Carpineto Romano, département of Rome, French Empire |
| Died | July 20, 1903 (aged 93) Apostolic Palace, Vatican City |
| Motto | Lumen in coelo |
| Other Popes named Leo | |
Monsignore
Pope Gregory XVI granted Pecci the title Monsignore.[2] In 1903, there were Golden Jubilee celebrations which recalled the 50 years since he was named a cardinal.[3]
In 1846, he visited London where he had an audience with Queen Victoria.[4]
Bishop
Pecci was Bishop of Perugia for thirty-two years, from 1846 to 1878.[5]
Cardinal
In the consistory of 19 December 1853, Pope Pius IX appointed the then Archbishop-Bishop of Perugia to the college of Cardinals thus, assigning him to the Priestbyterial Title of San Crisogono, Archbishop Pecci was one of the two prelates who at that time were elevated the other one was Abp. Camillo di Pietro (later Dean of the College of Cardinals).[2]
Pope
In 1878, Cardinal Pecci was elected Pope.[6]
After his election, Pope Leo never went outside the gates of the Vatican.[2]
Pope Leo was in office until the age of 93. He was the oldest pope and had the second longest papal reign before Pope John Paul II. He is known as the "Pope of the Working Man."
At age 93, the pope died from pneumonia and old age.[7]
After his death
The pope lay in State in St. Peter's Basilica. His final resting place is the Basilica of St. John Lateran,[2] which is the official seat of the Bishop of Rome.
Pope Leo XIII Media
The house in Carpineto Romano in which the Pecci brothers grew up.
Depiction of Leo XIII's papal coronation – image c. 1900
Portrait depiction of Leo XIII's papal coronation. He is wearing a Papal tiara
Pope Leo XIII and his inner court at the Vatican, photographed by Jules David in June 1878
Silver medal celebrating Pope Leo XIII's 1891 inauguration of the new observatory
In 1889, Pope Leo XIII authorized the founding of Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C., and granted it Papal degrees in theology.
Giuseppe Pecci in 1887. At the urgent requests of the College of Cardinals, Leo XIII in 1879 elevated his brother, Giuseppe Pecci, a Jesuit and prominent Thomist theologian, into their ranks.[8]
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Related pages
References
- ↑ "List of Popes," Catholic Encyclopedia (2009); retrieved 2013-3-18.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "The Life and Personality of the Dead Pope," New York Times. July 21, 1903; retrieved 2011-11-10.
- ↑ "Leo XIIIs Jubilee," New York Times. February 22, 1903; retrieved 2011-10-30.
- ↑ "Leo and Victoria," New York Times. March 3, 1899; retrieved 2011-11-10.
- ↑ "Pope Leo XIII," Catholic Encyclopedia; retrieved 2011-10-27.
- ↑ "Election of Pope Leo XIII," New York Times. February 21, 1878; retrieved 2011-10-30.
- ↑ "Pope Leo XIII Passes Away," New York Times. July 21, 1903; retrieved 2011-10-30.
- ↑ Kühne 1880, p. 247.
Other websites
Media related to Leo XIII at Wikimedia Commons
 |
Wikisource has original writing related to this article: |
- "Pope Leo XIII" in Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913
- "Leo XIII" in Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911
- Vatican webpage, Leo XIII
- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Archived 2011-10-30 at the Wayback Machine, Gioacchino Cardinal PecciArchived 2013-07-17 at the Wayback Machine
- Catholic Encyclopedia, "List of Popes"
| Preceded by Pius IX |
Pope 1878–1903 |
Succeeded by Pius X |