Whooper swan
The whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus), is a large white bird which lives in Europe and Asia. It is the Eurasian counterpart of the North American trumpeter swan. Francis Willughby and John Ray's Ornithology of 1676 called this swan "the Elk, Hooper, or wild Swan".[2]
| Whooper swan | |
|---|---|
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| Calls recorded in County Cork, Ireland | |
| Conservation status | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Order: | Anseriformes |
| Family: | Anatidae |
| Genus: | Cygnus |
| Species: | C. cygnus
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| Binomial name | |
| Cygnus cygnus | |
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| Range of C. cygnus Breeding range Year-round range Wintering range | |
| Synonyms | |
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Description
An adult whooper swan weighs 9-11 kg. It is 140-160 cm long (including neck and head) and it has a wingspan of 205-235 cm. Young swans are grey-brown. They have a pink and black beak.[3] The young get pale grey in end of their first summer. They get the white adult colour before their second winter. Male and female swans look otherwise similar, but the males are larger.[4]
The whooper swan, Bewick's swan and mute swan look quite similar, but the details are different. Whooper swan is clearly larger than Bewick's swan. When it lands it water or takes off it slides longer distances.[4]
| Mute swan, whooper swan, bewick swan | |
Behaviour
Whooper swans eat mainly plants growing in water: leaves, stems and roots. During the winter they also eat grain and vegetables from the fields. Young birds often eat insects.[5]
The nest is a large pile of plant matter built on dry ground or on small islands near lakeshore. The same nest mound may be used over many years although it is often repaired and new material is added.[5]
Distribution
Whooper swans spends their summer in Northern Europe and Asia. For winter they migrate to coasts where sea does not freeze.[3]
In year 2006 it was estimated, that there are more than 180,000 whooper swans in the world. Out of these, 10,000-100,000 pairs breed in Russia. Between one thousand and ten thousand birds also spend their winter there.[5]
Whooper Swan Media
Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus) in the Cumberland zoo in Grünau, Almtal, Upper Austria, Austria
Three whooper swans and one mute swan
Eggs, Collection Museum Wiesbaden
References
- ↑ BirdLife International (2012). "Cygnus cygnus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ Willughby, Francis (1676). Ornithologiae libri tres [Ornithology, Book Three] (in Latina). London: John Martyn.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) Archived 2013-06-17 at the Wayback Machine ARKive
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 A Whooper Swan[dead link] The Swan Sanctuary
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus Archived 2013-11-10 at the Wayback Machine BirdLife International