Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen (13 August 1792 – 2 December 1849) was the wife of King William IV of the United Kingdom. She was the daughter of George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, and Luise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg.
| Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Portrait by Sir William Beechey, c.1831 | |||||
| Queen consort of the United Kingdom and Hanover | |||||
| 26 June 1830 – 20 June 1837 | |||||
| 8 September 1831 | |||||
| Born | 13 August 1792 Meiningen, Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen | ||||
| Died | 2 December 1849 (aged 57) Bentley Priory, Middlesex, England | ||||
| Burial | 13 December 1849 | ||||
| Spouse | William IV of the United Kingdom (m. 1818; died 1837) | ||||
| Issue | |||||
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| House | Saxe-Meiningen | ||||
| Father | Georg I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen | ||||
| Mother | Louise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg | ||||
| Signature |  | ||||
Life
Adelaide was born on 13 August 1792 at Meiningen, Thuringia, Germany. She was the first child of George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and Luise Eleonore. At her baptism, she had twenty-one godparents, including:
- her mother
- Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily, the Holy Roman Empress
- Maria Carolina of Austria, the Queen of Naples and Sicily
- Maria Theresa of Austria, the Crown Princess of Saxony
- Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen, the Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
- Princess Sophie Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg
- Landgravine Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt (1757–1830), Duchess of Saxe-Weimar
- Karl Ludwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
- Adolph, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld[1]
On 11 July 1818, Adelaide married Prince William, Duke of Clarence. It was a double wedding with William's younger brother, Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. When they married, William was second in line to become king. He became first in line when his brother, Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, died in 1827. William and Adelaide became King and Queen of the United Kingdom when William's older brother, king George IV died in 1830.
William and Adelaide were King and Queen until William died in 1837. Adelaide died on 2 December 1849, aged 57.
Things named after Adelaide
The following are some of the things named after Adelaide:
Settlements
- Adelaide, Eastern Cape
- Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia[2]
- Queen Adelaide, Cambridgeshire
- Adelheidsdorf, a municipality in Lower Saxony, Germany
Other things
- Adelaide Hospital in Dublin
- Adelaide River, in the Northern Territory of Australia
- Fort Adelaide, in Port Louis, Mauritius
- Queen Adelaide Archipelago in Chile
- Adelaide Island, in Antarctica
- 525 Adelaide, an asteroid
Children
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Princess Charlotte of Clarence | 27 March 1819 | Died a few hours after being baptised, in Hanover.[3] | |
| Stillborn child | 5 September 1819 | Born dead at Calais[4] or Dunkirk.[3] | |
| Princess Elizabeth of Clarence | 10 December 1820 | 4 March 1821 | Born and died at St James's Palace.[3] |
| Stillborn twin boys | 8 April 1822 | Born dead at Bushy Park.[5] | |
Ancestry
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Adelaide Of Saxe-Meiningen Media
Elisabethenburg Palace, the residence of the dukes of Saxe-Meiningen
Portrait of Queen Adelaide painted by John Simpson in 1832
Portrait by Sir Martin Archer Shee, 1836
Queen Adelaide (1837, engraving after John Lucas)
St John the Baptist Church, Hagley, tablet commemorating a visit by Queen Adelaide in 1843
Wax figure of Queen Adelaide, 1830
Queen Adelaide's Dispensary, Bethnal Green. Wood engraving by O. Jewitt (1865).
Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen's arms, used from 1830.
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References
- ↑ Sandars, p.17
- ↑ Rodney Cockburn, South Australia What's in a Name? Adelaide: Axiom Publishing. 3rd Edition. Reprinted 2002 Pg 3.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Weir, pp. 303–304.
- ↑ Ziegler, p. 126
- ↑ Ziegler, pp. 126–127.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in français). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 104.
Sources
- Sandars, Mary F. (Frances): The life and times of Queen Adelaide. London, 1915. ISBN 978-1-17678-560-1.
- Weir, Alison (1996). Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy, Revised edition. Random House. ISBN 978-0-7126-7448-5.
- Ziegler, Philip (1971). King William IV. London: Collins. ISBN 0-00-211934-X.
Other websites
- Biography (in German)
- "Archival material relating to Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen". UK National Archives.
- Queen Adelaide Society (City of Adelaide, South Australia)
Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Cadet branch of the House of Wettin Born: 13 August 1792 Died: 2 December 1849
| ||
| British royalty | ||
|---|---|---|
| Vacant Title last held by Caroline of Brunswick
|
Queen consort of the United Kingdom 1830–1837 |
Vacant Title next held by Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gothaas Prince consort |
| Queen consort of Hanover 1830–1837 |
Succeeded by Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz | |