Coriaria ruscifolia
Coriaria ruscifolia are shrubs or small trees with bright red fruits like berries. The fruits and the leaves are very poisonous.
| Coriaria ruscifolia | |
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| Coriaria ruscifolia | |
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| Species: | C. ruscifolia
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| Binomial name | |
| Coriaria ruscifolia | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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C. microphylla Poir. | |
Common names
This species has many names in Latin America. Some of them are:[2]
- Chile: deu, dehue-lahuen, deó, hiuque, matarratones ("kill mice"), veu.[3]
- Peru: mio-mio, saca-saca, mio venenosa, raqui-raqui
- Ecuador: piñán, shanshi, shanchi or zhanzhi, tinta.
- Colombia: reventadera; barbasco, chanchi, mortiño borrachero.[4]
- Venezuela: tisís, helecho de playa, helecho uvite.
- Guatemala: moco tinto, moco de chompipe.
- Mexico: helecho de tierra, tlalocopetate, tlalocopatlat.
Systematics
Coriaria ruscifolia was described for the first time by Linnaeus in 1753 in Species Plantarum (Vol. 2, page 1037), from a plant from Peru.[5][6]
The species is divided in two subspecies:[2]
Description
Shrub up to 4 metres high. Dark green leaves on the top and pale gray on the underside. Flowers grouped in terminal inflorescences on lateral branches, sepals are green to red, small petals, yellow or red anthers. Fruits look like berries but they are small nuts (achenes). The fruits are covered by the petals.[4]
The number of chromosomes is 40.[8]
The plants of C. ruscifolia subsp. microphylla can fix nitrogen from the air because they have bacteria in their roots.[9]
Where it grows
C. ruscifolia grows in the Americas and some Pacific Islands:[2]
- C. ruscifolia subsp. ruscifolia: Western slopes of Andes (and other mountain ranges) from Mexico to Peru, western Venezuela, and cool mountains of New Guinea and New Zealand and other Pacific islands.
- C. ruscifolia subsp. microphylla: Central and southern Chile, New Zealand and other Pacific islands.
Uses
It is a very toxic plant. Fruits are hallucinogens exciting the nervous system. The leaves have tannin and serve for tanning (making leather out of skins). It is recommended as an ornamental.[4]
In Chile, the fruits are used mixed with bread to kill mice and rats.[3]
References
- ↑ Tropicos.org. "Coriaria ruscifolia L." Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Skog, L.E. (1972). "The genus Coriaria (Coriariaceae) in the western Hemisphere". Rhodora. 74: 242–253.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Chilebosque. "Coriaria ruscifolia - Matarratones, Deu" (in español). Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Herbario Universidad de Antioquía. "Barbasco - Chanchi - Mortiño Borrachero" (in español). Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ Carolus Linnaeus. "Species Plantarum, Tomus II" (in Latina). p. 1037. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ "Coriaria ruscifolia". The Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. "Coriaria ruscifolia subsp. microphyla". Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Yokoyama, J., Suzuki M., Iwatsuki K., & Hasebe M. (2000). "Molecular phylogeny of Coriaria, with special emphasis on the disjunct distribution". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 14 (1): 11–19. doi:10.1006/mpev.1999.0672. PMID 10631039.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ "Coriariaceae". Frankia & Actinorhizal Plants. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
Other websites
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