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Filibuster
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This page is about the legislative procedure. For the military term, see Filibuster (military).
Filibuster, also known as talking out a bill,[1] is a tactic of parliamentary procedure. It is a way for one person to delay or entirely prevent debate or votes on a specific proposal.[2]
History
The term "filibuster" comes from the Dutch word meaning "pirate."[3] In terms of parliamentary procedure, the word was not used until the 19th century[4] However, the use of long speeches as a delaying tactic is part of the history of the Roman Senate. For example, Cato the Younger is known for using filibuster tactics to block Julius Caesar's rise to power.[5]
Timeline
- 1841: The first ongoing filibuster in the United States Senate starts on February 18 and ends on March 11
- 1853: The term "filibuster" is first recorded in the Congressional Record[4]
- 1874: Joseph Gillis Biggar delay the passage of Irish coercion acts by making long speeches in the British House of Commons to
- 1880: The long speeches of Charles Stewart Parnell in the UK House of Commons blocked debate on anything else; and the tactic forced Parliament to take the issue of Irish self-government
- 1917: The US Senate adopts the cloture rule in order to limit filibusters[3]
- 1919: A filibuster in the US Senate held up a vote on the Treaty of Versailles[3]
- 1957: US Senator Strom Thurmond holds record for the longest filibuster. His 24-hour, 18-minute speech on August 28-29 was against against a civil rights bill.[3]
- 1964: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is approved after surviving an 83-day filibuster in the US Senate
- 1983: British Member of Parliament John Golding talked for over 11 hours to delay the British Telecommunications Bill[2]
- 2011: A filibuster about Canada Post by the New Democratic Party (NDP) in the House of Commons of Canada started on June 23 and ended on June 25, 2011.[6]
- 2013: Chuck Hagel, the president's defense secretary nominee was filibustered after a cloture motion (the vote that ends the filibuster) failed 58-40.[7]
References
- ↑ "MPs renew info exemption effort," BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation), 15 May 2007; retrieved 2013-1-15.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Filibustering," BBC, 1 September 2008; retrieved 2013-1-15.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Reaves, Jessica. [http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,423312,00.html "The Filibuster Formula," Time (US). February 25, 2003; retrieved 2013-1-15.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Safire, William. (2008). Safire's New Political Dictionary, p. 244.
- ↑ Goldsworthy, Adrian. (2006). Caesar: Life of a Colossus, pp. 159-160.
- ↑ Ivison, John. "Time stands still in the House of Commons as NDP filibuster drags on," National Post, June 24, 2011; "Canada Post back-to-work bill passes key vote," CBC (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation), June 25, 2011; retrieved 2013-1-15.
- ↑ http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=113&session=1&vote=00021
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