Kazimierz Świątek
Kazimierz Świątek (Belarusian: Kazimir Sviontek; born October 21, 1914[1] – died July 21, 2011[2]) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal in Belarus. He was sentenced to death by the Soviet Union, but escaped after two months.He later spent nine years in hard labor in the Gulag and survived.[1]
| His Eminence Kazimierz Świątek | |
|---|---|
 Cardinal Kazimierz Świątek | |
| Religion | Christian |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Office | Cardinal |
| Date of birth | October 21, 1914 |
| Place of birth | Walk, Russian Empire, now Valga, Estonia. |
| Date of death | July 21, 2011 (aged 96) |
| Place of death | Pinsk, Belarus |
| Began | 1994 |
| Ended | 2011 (death) |
| Other posts | Archbishop Minsk-Mohilev, Apostolic Administrator of Pinsk |
| Titles/honors | Fidei terris Award |
| Known for | Surviving a Soviet death sentence and the Gulag |
Early life
Świątek was born at Valga in the Apostolic Administration of Estonia on October 21, 1914.[1] He graduated from the Major Seminary in Pinsk, Belarus. Świątek was ordained as a priest on April 8, 1939[3] He was sent to work in Pruzhany.
Death sentence
In Pruzhany in 1939, Świątek was accused of spying. He was found guilty in Stalinist show trial, and sentenced to death. A show trial is a highly public trial where the sentence has been decided before the trial starts. When German troops gained control of the territory, Świątek was able to escape from prison and avoid his execution.[4]
Siberian labor camp
Świątek was arrested by the KGB on December 18, 1944. He Minsk until July 21, 1945. Świątek was sentenced to 10 years of hard labor in the Gulag concentration camps. He spent two years in Mariinsk, Siberia, and seven years north of the polar circle in Vorkuta and Inta. He release on June 16, 1954. Świątek returned to Pinsk and his pastoral work in the cathedral parish.[1]
Leadership in the church
On April 13, 1991, Pope John Paul II appointed the 77 year old Świątek the first archbishop of the new archdiocese of Minsk-Mohilev. He was also appointed the Apostolic Administrator of the diocese of Pinsk.
On November 26, 1994, Pope John Paul II named Świątek Cardinal. On February 11, 1999, Cardinal Świątek was elected the first president of the Conference of Catholic Bishops in Belarus. On the 14th of June 2006 Pope Benedict XVI accepted Świątek's resignation from the pastoral care of the Archdiocese of Minsk.[3][4][5]
Kazimierz Świątek Media
Card.Kazimierz Świątek visits seminarists in Esztergom, Hungary in 1996
Card.Kazimierz Świątek's autograph signed in Esztergom, Hungary (25 February 1996)
Other websites
- Roman Catholic Church in Belarue Archived 2011-08-08 at the Wayback Machine
- His Eminence Cardinal Kazimierz Świątek Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Swiatek, Kazimierz". catholicnewsagency.com. CNA. Archived from the original on 2012-01-09. Retrieved 2011-07-21.
- ↑ Belarusian cardinal who survived Gulag, death sentence, dies at 96. Minsk, Belarus. 2011-07-21. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/belarusian-cardinal-who-survived-gulag-death-sentence-dies-at-96/2011/07/21/gIQAprqeRI_story.html. Retrieved 2011-07-21.[dead link][dead link]
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "His Eminence Cardinal Kazimierz Świątek". catholic.by. Conference of the Catholic Bishops in Belarus. Archived from the original on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2011-07-21.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Cardinal Swiatek, survivor of Stalin's gulags, dead at 96". catholicculture.org. Trinity Communications. 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2011-07-21.
- ↑ "History of Christianity in Belarus". catholic.by. Conference of Catholic Bishops in Belarus. Archived from the original on 2012-01-18. Retrieved 2011-07-21.