Grebe

Grebes
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Infraclass:	Neognathae
Order:	Podicipediformes; Fürbringer, 1888
Family:	Podicipedidae; Bonaparte, 1831
Genera
	Aechmophorus; Podiceps; Podilymbus; Poliocephalus; Rollandia; Tachybaptus;
Diversity
	1 Families, 6 Genera, 22 Species

A grebe is a medium sized bird. They are in the family Podicipedidae. There are 22 species of grebe.

Genera and species

Genus Tachybaptus
- Little Grebe, Tachybaptus ruficollis
- Australasian Grebe Tachybaptus novaehollandiae
- Madagascar Grebe, Tachybaptus pelzelnii
- Alaotra Grebe, Tachybaptus rufolavatus — probably extinct (late 1980s)
- Least Grebe, Tachybaptus dominicus

Genus Podilymbus
- Pied-billed Grebe, Podilymbus podiceps
- Atitlán Grebe, Podilymbus gigas — extinct (1989)

Genus Rollandia
- White-tufted Grebe, Rollandia rolland
- Titicaca Flightless Grebe, Rollandia microptera

Genus Poliocephalus
- Hoary-headed Grebe, Poliocephalus poliocephalus
- New Zealand Dabchick, Poliocephalus rufopectus

Genus Podiceps
- Red-necked Grebe, Podiceps grisegena
- Great Crested Grebe, Podiceps cristatus
- Slavonian Grebe or Horned Grebe, Podiceps auritus
- Black-necked Grebe or Eared Grebe, Podiceps nigricollis
- Colombian Grebe, Podiceps andinus — extinct (1977)
- Great Grebe, Podiceps major
- Silvery Grebe, Podiceps occipitalis
- Junin Flightless Grebe, Podiceps taczanowskii
- Hooded Grebe, Podiceps gallardoi

Genus Aechmophorus
- Western Grebe, Aechmophorus occidentalis
- Clark's Grebe, Aechmophorus clarkii

Description, color and shape

Most grebes are a medium or large size. Some grebes, such as the Little Grebe are smaller. All Grebes have large feet with lobed toes. This means that each toe is separate on the foot (the opposite of this is webbed feet which is seen in ducks and geese). Some grebes find it difficult to walk on land because their feet are so big. They are much better at swimming and diving in water.

Little Grebe or Dabchick Tachybaptus ruficollis - Breeding plumage in Hyderabad, India.

Grebes have narrow wings. Some grebes find it difficult to fly. There are two species of grebe that cannot fly at all. This means that if grebes are in danger, they will dive under water instead of flying away like other birds do.

Grebes can have long or short bills. If they eat insects in the water, they will have a short bills. If they eat crustaceans (for example, crabs) they will have a long, sharp bill.

Most grebes are brown, white and red/orange. They have many, waterproof feathers. This means they can easily float on water and dive into water without getting cold or wet. In spring and summer, grebes have orange crests on their heads. This is so they can attract a mate. Some grebes do a mating ritual. This is when they "dance" in the water.

Grebes make their nest from plants found in the water. The nests float on top of the water. Baby grebes can swim when they are born. They are usually brown and white and do not get their orange crests until they are adults.

Habitat

Grebes live in freshwater (lakes or rivers). Some species of grebe will go to saltwater (sea/ocean) when they are migrating. This is when birds fly to live in a different place in summer or winter. Grebes only migrate if they live in North America, Europe or Asia. Grebes in South America, Africa and Asia do not migrate. They are found in every continent on earth.

Grebe Media

Podiceps griseigena
Many molecular and morphological studies support a relationship between grebes and flamingos.
Reconstructed skeleton of fossil slab of Thiornis sociata, an early grebe
Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps), Lake Patagonia (Arizona, USA), 2005; de: Bindentaucher
Poliocephalus poliocephalus RB
101 - CLARK'S GREBE (5-18-08) santa margarita lake, sloco, ca (2) (8722134244)
Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) (14)
White-tufted grebe. Costanera Sur Ecological Reserve, Argentina
The leech genus Theromyzon is an external parasite that has been found in the nasal cavities of grebes.