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Prince Andrew, Duke of York
| Prince Andrew | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duke of York (more) | |||||
 The Duke of York in 2013 | |||||
| Born | 19 February 1960 Buckingham Palace, London | ||||
| Spouse | Sarah Ferguson (m. 1986–1996) | ||||
| Issue | |||||
| |||||
| House | Windsor | ||||
| Father | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | ||||
| Mother | Elizabeth II | ||||
| Military career | |||||
| Allegiance | United Kingdom | ||||
| Service/branch | Royal Navy | ||||
| Years of service | 1979–2001 (active service) | ||||
| Rank | Vice Admiral | ||||
| Battles/wars | Falklands War | ||||
Prince Andrew, Duke of York, (Andrew Albert Christian Edward, born 19 February 1960) is a member of the British Royal Family, the second son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. He has been titled Duke of York since 1986, and is eighth in line to the succession to the British throne.
Contents
Early life and education
Prince Andrew was born on 19 February 1960 at Buckingham Palace in London. He went to Heatherdown Preparatory School in Berkshire, England, and Gordonstoun in Scotland.
Andrew was the first child born to a reigning monarch since the birth in 1857 of Queen Victoria's youngest child, Princess Beatrice [2]. As with his older siblings, Andrew was looked after by a governess, who was responsible for his early education at Buckingham Palace [3]. He was sent to Heatherdown School near Ascot in Berkshire [4]. In September 1973, he entered Gordonstoun, in northern Scotland, which his father and elder brother had also attended [5]. While there, he spent six months—from January to June 1977—participating in an exchange programme to Lakefield College School in Canada [6]. He left Gordonstoun in July two years later with A-Levels in English, History, and Economics.
Andrew did not go to university, he went to Britannia Royal Naval College instead. In the Navy, he served in the Falklands War, and continued his career, becoming a commander in 1999 and an honorary captain in 2001.
Personal life
In 1986, Andrew married Sarah Ferguson, the younger daughter of Ronald Ferguson, the polo manager for the Prince of Wales. They have two daughters from the marriage: Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie. Andrew and Sarah separated in 1992, and divorced in May 1996.
In November 2019, Andrew was interviewed for the BBC television programme Newsnight on 16 November 2019. The interviewer talked about the Prince's friendship with the convicted child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein before he died. The interview was very bad for the British royal family, because many people who saw the interview thought Prince Andrew was unsympathetic to Epstein's victims.[7][8] As of 20 November, he has no official royal duties.[9]
Titles, styles, honours and arms
Titles and styles
| Styles of HRH The Duke of York | |
| |
| Reference style | His Royal Highness |
|---|---|
| Spoken style | Your Royal Highness |
| Alternative style | Sir |
- 19 February 1960 – 23 July 1986: His Royal Highness The Prince Andrew
- 23 July 1986 – present: His Royal Highness The Duke of York
- in Scotland: May 2007: His Grace The Lord High Commissioner
Prince Andrew's current full style is His Royal Highness The Prince Andrew Albert Christian Edward, Duke of York, Earl of Inverness, Baron Killyleagh, Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, Personal Aide-de-Camp to The Queen.
Honours
-
CVO: Commander of the Royal Victorian Order, 19 December 1979 - KCVO: Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order, 3 June 2003[10]
- GCVO: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, 21 February 2011[11]
- South Atlantic Medal, with rosette, 1982
- ADC(P): Personal Aide-de-Camp to The Queen, 1 February 1984
- Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal, 1977
-
New Zealand 1990 Commemoration Medal, 1990 -
Canadian Forces Decoration - Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal, 2002
-
Commemorative Medal for the Centennial of Saskatchewan, 2005[12] - KG: Knight of the Garter, 23 April 2006
Military
- Sub-Lt, 1981-1983: Pilot, 820 NAS on HMS Invincible (including activity in the Falklands War)
- 1983-1984: Conversion to Lynx at RNAS Portland
- Lt, 1984-1986: Promoted to Lieutenant; pilot, 815 NAS on HMS Brazen
- 1987-1989: Helicopter Warfare Instructor, 702? NAS at RNAS
- 1989-1991: Flight commander, 829 NAS on HMS Campbeltown
- Lt Cdr, 1992-1993: Army Command and Staff Course; promoted to Lieutenant-Commander
- 1993-1994: Captain, HMS Cottesmore
- 1994-1996: Senior Pilot, 815 NAS at RNAS Portland
- 1997-1999: Directorate of Naval Operations, MOD
- Cdr, 1999-2001: Promoted to Commander; appointed to Diplomacy Section of the Naval Staff
- Capt, 2005: Promoted to Captain (honorary)
Honorary military appointments
He holds the following military appointments:
- Colonel-in-Chief of the Canadian Airborne Regiment (disbanded)
- Colonel-in-Chief of the Princess Louise Fusiliers
- Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment)
- Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Highland Fusiliers of Canada
- Colonel-in-Chief of the 9th/12th Royal Lancers (Prince of Wales's)
- Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Irish Regiment (27th (Inniskilling) 83rd and 87th and Ulster Defence Regiment)
- Colonel-in-Chief of the Small Arms School Corps
- Colonel-in-Chief of the Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th, 19th and 33rd/76th Foot)
- Royal Colonel of the Royal Highland Fusiliers, 2nd Battalion Royal Regiment of Scotland
- Honorary Air Commodore of the Royal Air Force Lossiemouth.
- Commodore-in-Chief of the Fleet Air Arm
- Admiral of the Sea Cadet Corps
Arms
The Duke's personal coat of arms are those of the Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with a label for difference: Quarterly (by quarters):
- 1st and 4th, Gules three Lions passant guardant in pale Or (England). (The first and fourth quarters display the three lions, representing England.)
- 2nd quarter is of a lion rampant within a Double Tressure floury counterflory Gules (Scotland). (The second quarter, displays a red lion in a yellow field with a double border coloured red, this represents Scotland.)
- 3rd, Azure a Harp Or stringed Argent (Ireland). (The third quarter shows a harp against a blue background, this represents Ireland.)
The whole differenced by a Label of three points Argent the central point charged with an Anchor Azure. The anchor is in reference to his naval career.
The arms are identical to those his grandfather George VI used when still Duke of York.
Notes
- ↑ Andrew does not usually use a surname but when one is needed, it is Mountbatten-Windsor.[1]
References
- ↑ "The Royal Family name". Official website of the British monarchy. Archived from the original on 15 February 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090215182305/http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/TheRoyalFamilyname/Overview.aspx. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
- ↑ "Royal Family tree and line of succession". 2017-09-04. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-23272491. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
- ↑ "Prince Andrew: Envoy career plagued with controversy". 2011-07-21. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-12663378. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
- ↑ Barkham, Patrick (2004-07-09). "The Guardian profile: Prince Andrew". https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/jul/09/freedomofinformation.monarchy. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
- ↑ ""Gordonstoun turns back clock to a golden age of cold showers (but would Prince Charles agree?)".". 2009-04-28. https://www.scotsman.com/news/former-milton-keynes-hospital-worker-prosecuted-inappropriately-accessing-patient-records-1036044. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
- ↑ ""Early Life & Education".". https://www.royal.uk/the-duke-york. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
- ↑ Adam, Karla (17 November 2019). "Prince Andrew's Epstein interview roundly panned: 'nuclear explosion level bad'". https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/prince-andrews-epstein-interview-roundly-panned-nuclear-explosion-level-bad/2019/11/17/62b28a02-094b-11ea-8054-289aef6e38a3_story.html. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- ↑ Lewis, Aimee (17 November 2019). "Prince Andrew sparks near-universal condemnation with TV interview". CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2019/11/17/uk/prince-andrew-tv-interview-scli-gbr-intl/index.html. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- ↑ Quinn, Ben (20 November 2019). "Prince Andrew to step back from public duties 'for foreseeable future'". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/nov/20/prince-andrew-to-step-back-from-public-duties-for-foreseeable-future. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
- ↑ No. 56951. 2 June 2003. p. 6753. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/56951/page/6753
- ↑ No. 59705. 21 February 2011. p. 3089. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/59705/page/3089
- ↑ "Honours of the Crown". http://www.monarchist.ca/new/docs/honours.html.
