Scottish monarchs

Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Scotland

William Wallace.

This is a list of the Kings and Queens of Scotland. This list goes from 843 until when England and Scotland joined together in 1707.

House of Alpin

Indulf, king of Scots (954-962)

The House of Alpin traditionally ends in 1034, although this list continues to 1058.

• Kenneth I (c. 843–858)
• Donald I (858–862)
• Constantine I (862–877)
• Aed (877–878)
• Eochaid (878–889) (disputed)
• Giric (878–889)
• Donald II (889–890)
• Constantine II (900–943)
• Malcolm I (943–954)
• Indulf (954–962)
• Dub (962–967)
• Culen (967–971)
• Amlaíb (971-977) (disputed)
• Kenneth II (971–995)
• Constantine III (995–997)
• Kenneth III (997–1005)
• Malcolm II (1005–1034)
• Duncan I (1034–1040)
• MacBeth (1040–1057)
• Lulach (1057–1058)

House of Dunkeld

Arms of Scotland: Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory counterflory gules

The House of Dunkeld may have begun in 1034.

• Malcolm III (1058–1093)
• Donald III (1093–1094)
• Duncan II (1094)
• Donald III (1094–1097)
• Edmund (1094–1097)
• Edgar (1097–1107)
• Alexander I (1107–1124)
• Saint David I (1124–1153)
• Malcolm IV (1153–1165)
• William I (1165–1214)
• Alexander II (1214–1249)
• Alexander III (1249–1286)
• Margaret (1286–1290)

First Interregnum 1290–1292

Guardians of Scotland

• William Fraser, Bishop of St Andrews
• Duncan Macduff, 8th Earl of Fife
• Alexander Comyn, 2nd Earl of Buchan
• Robert Wishart, Bishop of Glasgow
• James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland
• John Comyn

House of Balliol

• John (1292-1296)

John Balliol, king of Scots, installed by Edward I Longshanks (1292-1296)

Second Interregnum 1296–1306

Guardians of Scotland

• Andrew de Moray (1297)
• William Wallace (1297–1298)
• Robert the Bruce, Earl of Carrick (1298–1300)
• John Comyn (1298–1301)
• William Lamberton, Bishop of St Andrews (1299–1301)
• Sir Ingram de Umfraville (1300–1301)
• John de Soules (1301–1304)
• John Comyn (1302–1304)

House of Bruce

• Robert I the Bruce (1306–1329)
• David II (1329–1371)

House of Balliol

• Edward Balliol (1329 – 1363)
  

  Oliver Cromwell and possibly his son Richard, lord protector of England & Scotland from 1649-1658 and 1653-1658, executed King Charles I. His son followed for under a year from 1658-1659. (August-May). The monarchy was restored in 1660 with king Charles II.

House of Stewart (Stuart)

• Robert II (1371–1390)
• Robert III (1390–1406)
• James I (1406–1437)
• James II (1437–1460)
• James III (1460–1488)
• James IV (1488–1513)
• James V (1513–1542)
• Mary I (1542–1567) (executed 1587)
• James VI (1567–1625), Union of the Crowns with Kingdom of England from (1603)
• Charles I (1625–1649)
• Charles II (1649–1685) (See also English Interregnum)
• James VII (1685–1689)
• Mary II (1689–1694), co-monarch
• William II (1689–1702), co-monarch until 1694
• Anne (1702–1714), though the Scottish throne was replaced with that of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707

Disputed or unrecognized claims

King "James VIII/III", son of James VII/III who claimed the throne during the Jacobite wars, claimant from January 1701 to 1766.

Note: there have been other claims to the Scottish throne besides these

• Margaret, the Maid of Norway was unrecognized by some Scots (ruled 1286-1290)
• John Balliol was also unrecognized but by most Scots (ruled 1292-1296)
• Henry Lord Darnley proclaimed himself king in 1565 as Henry I of Scotland (ruled 1565-1567)
• Charles II claimed to rule even during Oliver & Richard Cromwell's reigns (ruled 1649-1685)
• James VII was recognized by France to rule after his deposal (ruled 1685-1702)
• James VII's son James VIII or James Francis Edward Stuart was recognized by France as the Scottish monarch (ruled 1702-1766)
• James VIII's son Charles III was recognized by the Jacobites (ruled 1766-1788)
• James VIII's other son Henry I/IX claimed rule after his brothers death (ruled 1788-1807)

Some call Henry I/IX, Henry II, recognizing Henry Lord Darnley's claim to the throne as legitimate.

Line of succession after Henry IX

Franz duke of Bavaria in 2015. Francis II.

Although not claiming the throne there have been many people after Henry IX who have had the right to the throne, these are his descendants.

• Charles IV (1807-1819)
• Victor I (1819-1824)
• Mary III (1824-1840)
• Francis I (1840-1875)
• Mary IV (1875-1919)
• Rupert I (1919-1955)
• Albert I (1955-1996)
• Francis II (1996-)

The heir after Francis II is his brother Prince Max (Max I) and his daughter Sophie (Sophie I).

Related pages

• In 1707, England and Scotland joined together. For Kings and Queens after 1707, see British monarchs. Although monarchs ruled both Scotland and England since James VI and the Union of the Crowns in 1603.